More information on this family may be found on the IUPHAR-DB family and introduction pages.
Motilin receptors (provisional nomenclature, [4]) are activated by a 22 amino-acid peptide derived from a precursor (ENSG00000096395), which also generates motilin-associated peptide. These receptors are suggested to be responsible for the gastrointestinal prokinetic effects of motilides (particular macrolide antibiotics).
Unless otherwise stated all data refer to the human proteins. Gene information is provided for human (Hs), mouse (Mm) and rat (Rn).
Receptors 
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De Smet, B; Mitselos, A; Depoortere, I. (2009) Motilin and ghrelin as prokinetic drug targets. Pharmacol. Ther., 123 (2): 207-23. [PMID:19427331]
Foord, S. M., Bonner, T. I., Neubig, R. R., Rosser, E. M., Pin, J. P., Davenport, A. P., Spedding, M. and Harmar, A. J. (2005) International Union of Pharmacology. XLVI. G protein-coupled receptor list. Pharmacol Rev, 57: 279-288. [PMID:15914470]
Sanger, GJ. (2008) Motilin, ghrelin and related neuropeptides as targets for the treatment of GI diseases. Drug Discov. Today, 13 (5-6): 234-9. [PMID:18342799]
Takeshita, E., Matsuura, B., Dong, M., Miller, L. J., Matsui, H. and Onji, M. (2006) Molecular characterization and distribution of motilin family receptors in the human gastrointestinal tract. J Gastroenterol, 41: 223-230. [PMID:16699856]
1. Clark, MJ; Wright, T; Bertrand, PP; Bornstein, JC; Jenkinson, KM; Verlinden, M; Furness, JB. (1999) Erythromycin derivatives ABT 229 and GM 611 act on motilin receptors in the rabbit duodenum. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., 26 (3): 242-5. [PMID:10081621]
2. Depoortere, I; Peeters, TL. (1995) Transduction mechanism of motilin and motilides in rabbit duodenal smooth muscle. Regul. Pept., 55 (3): 227-35. [PMID:7761622]
3. Feighner, S. D., Tan, C. P., McKee, K. K., Palyha, O. C., Hreniuk, D. L., Pong, S. S., Austin, C. P., Figueroa, D., MacNeil, D., Cascieri, M. A., Nargund, R., Bakshi, R., Abramovitz, M., Stocco, R., Kargman, S., O'Neill, G., Van der Ploeg, L. H., Evans, J., Patchett, A. A., Smith, R. G. and Howard, A. D. (1999) Receptor for motilin identified in the human gastrointestinal system. Science, 284: 2184-2188. [PMID:10381885]
4. Foord, S. M., Bonner, T. I., Neubig, R. R., Rosser, E. M., Pin, J. P., Davenport, A. P., Spedding, M. and Harmar, A. J. (2005) International Union of Pharmacology. XLVI. G protein-coupled receptor list. Pharmacol Rev, 57: 279-288. [PMID:15914470]
5. Haramura, M; Okamachi, A; Tsuzuki, K; Yogo, K; Ikuta, M; Kozono, T; Takanashi, H; Murayama, E. (2002) Design and synthesis of motilin antagonists derived from the [1-4] fragment of porcine motilin. J. Med. Chem., 45 (3): 670-5. [PMID:11806718]
6. Koga, H; Sato, T; Tsuzuki, K; Onoda, H; Kuboniwa, H; Takanashi, H. (1994) Potent, acid-stable and orally active macrolide-type motilin receptor agonists, GM-611 and the derivatives. Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 4 (11): 1347-1352.
7. McKee, K. K., Tan, C. P., Palyha, O. C., Liu, J., Feighner, S. D., Hreniuk, D. L., Smith, R. G., Howard, A. D. and Van der Ploeg, L. H. (1997) Cloning and characterization of two human G protein-coupled receptor genes (GPR38 and GPR39) related to the growth hormone secretagogue and neurotensin receptors. Genomics, 46: 426-434. [PMID:9441746]
8. Sanger, GJ; Holbrook, JD; Andrews, PL. (2011) The translational value of rodent gastrointestinal functions: a cautionary tale. Trends Pharmacol. Sci., 32 (7): 402-9. [PMID:21531468]
9. Sudo, H; Yoshida, S; Ozaki, K; Muramatsu, H; Onoma, M; Yogo, K; Kamei, K; Cynshi, O; Kuromaru, O; Peeters, TL; et al.. (2008) Oral administration of MA-2029, a novel selective and competitive motilin receptor antagonist, inhibits motilin-induced intestinal contractions and visceral pain in rabbits. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 581 (3): 296-305. [PMID:18164286]
10. Takanashi, H; Yogo, K; Ozaki, K; Ikuta, M; Akima, M; Koga, H; Nabata, H. (1995) GM-109: a novel, selective motilin receptor antagonist in the smooth muscle of the rabbit small intestine. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 273 (2): 624-8. [PMID:7752063]
11. Takanashi, H; Yogo, K; Ozaki, K; Koga, H; Itoh, Z; Omura, S. (2007) In vitro pharmacological characterization of mitemcinal (GM-611), the first acid-resistant non-peptide motilin receptor agonist, in smooth muscle of rabbit small intestine. Pharmacology, 79 (3): 137-48. [PMID:17183187]
12. Thielemans, L., Depoortere, I., Perret, J., Robberecht, P., Liu, Y., Thijs, T., Carreras, C., Burgeon, E. and Peeters, T. L. (2005) Desensitization of the human motilin receptor by motilides. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 313: 1397-1405. [PMID:15764739]
13. Westaway, SM; Brown, SL; Fell, SC; Johnson, CN; MacPherson, DT; Mitchell, DJ; Myatt, JW; Stanway, SJ; Seal, JT; Stemp, G; et al.. (2009) Discovery of N-(3-fluorophenyl)-1-[(4-([(3S)-3-methyl-1-piperazinyl]methyl)phenyl)acetyl]-4-piperidinamine (GSK962040), the first small molecule motilin receptor agonist clinical candidate. J. Med. Chem., 52 (4): 1180-9. [PMID:19191554]
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In rodents, the gene encoding the motilin percursor appears to be absent, while the receptor appears to be a pseudogene. Functions of motilin are not usually detected in rodents, although brain and other responses to motilin have been reported; the mechanism of action is obscure [8].