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Synonyms: TGF-beta-1 | transforming growth factor beta-1
Compound class:
Endogenous peptide in human, mouse or rat
Comment: TGFβ is a labile (half-life in vivo of 2-3 minutes) but highly potent cytokine. It plays a crucial role in immune regulation, and is highly fibriogenic.
The TGFβ1 gene encodes a proprotein that contains sequences for the latency-associated peptide (LAP) and the TGFβ peptide chains. Amino acids 1-29 form the signal peptide, 30-278 represent LAP and the C-terminal amino acids from 279-390 form TGFβ. TGFβ is expressed at the cell surface (e.g. on Treg cells) as a highly glycosylated, furin-processed product in complex with the LAP protein. This complex does not have biological activity (so is a.k.a. latent TGFβ) and requires further processing to produce active TGFβ [4,6].
Species: Human
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| Bioactivity Comments |
| TGFβ is a primary driver in fibrosis (in primary fibrotic disease and desmoplastic tumours), and plays a significant part in tumour growth (including immunosuppression, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, and metastasis). |
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| Other ligands which bind to or alter the activity of this ligand | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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