phenobarbital   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 2804

Synonyms: fenobarbital | Luminal® | phenobarb | phenobarbital sodium | phenobarbitone | phenylethylbarbiturate
Approved drug PDB Ligand
phenobarbital is an approved drug (FDA (no date available))
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Phenobarbital is also a component of the approved drug barbexaclone
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View more information in the IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project: phenobarbital

2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the CDK toolkit. All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 5
Hydrogen bond donors 2
Rotatable bonds 2
Topological polar surface area 75.27
Molecular weight 232.08
XLogP 1.32
No. Lipinski's rules broken 0
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

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Canonical SMILES CCC1(C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O)c1ccccc1
Isomeric SMILES CCC1(C(=O)NC(=O)NC1=O)c1ccccc1
InChI InChI=1S/C12H12N2O3/c1-2-12(8-6-4-3-5-7-8)9(15)13-11(17)14-10(12)16/h3-7H,2H2,1H3,(H2,13,14,15,16,17)
InChI Key DDBREPKUVSBGFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
No information available.
Summary of Clinical Use Click here for help
Used in the treatment of all types of seizure with the exception of absence seizures.
Mechanism Of Action and Pharmacodynamic Effects Click here for help
Increases synaptic inhibition by action of GABAA receptors. This has the effect of elevating seizure threshold and reduces the spread of seizure activity from a seizure focus.
Due to the complex and varied nature of the precise subunit composition of GABAA receptors, and a paucity of affinity data with definitive molecular details, we have not tagged a primary target for this drug.
External links Click here for help
For extended ADME data see the following:

Electronic Medicines Compendium (eMC)
Drugs.com