naloxone   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 1638

Synonyms: (-)-naloxone | Kloxxado® (naloxone hydrochloride nasal spray) | l-naloxone | Narcan® | Nyxoid®
Approved drug
naloxone is an approved drug (FDA (1971), EMA (2017))
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: The approved drug naloxone INN-assigned preparation is the (-)-enantiomer. For a summary of the (+)-enantiomer, see the ligand page for (+)-naloxone. (-)-naloxone is the active enantiomer. The (+) isomer is inactive at the opioid receptors.
Marketed formulations may contain naloxone hydrochloride (PubChem CID 5464092).
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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View interactive charts of activity data across species

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View more information in the IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project: naloxone

2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the CDK toolkit. All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 3
Hydrogen bond donors 2
Rotatable bonds 2
Topological polar surface area 70
Molecular weight 327.15
XLogP 0.31
No. Lipinski's rules broken 0
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

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Canonical SMILES C=CCN1CCC23C4(C1Cc1c3c(OC2C(=O)CC4)c(cc1)O)O
Isomeric SMILES C=CCN1CC[C@@]23[C@@]4([C@H]1Cc1c3c(O[C@H]2C(=O)CC4)c(cc1)O)O
InChI InChI=1S/C19H21NO4/c1-2-8-20-9-7-18-15-11-3-4-12(21)16(15)24-17(18)13(22)5-6-19(18,23)14(20)10-11/h2-4,14,17,21,23H,1,5-10H2/t14-,17+,18+,19-/m1/s1
InChI Key UZHSEJADLWPNLE-GRGSLBFTSA-N
References
1. Chen Y, Mestek A, Liu J, Yu L. (1993)
Molecular cloning of a rat kappa opioid receptor reveals sequence similarities to the mu and delta opioid receptors.
Biochem J, 295 ( Pt 3): 625-8. [PMID:8240267]
2. Li S, Zhu J, Chen C, Chen YW, Deriel JK, Ashby B, Liu-Chen LY. (1993)
Molecular cloning and expression of a rat kappa opioid receptor.
Biochem J, 295 ( Pt 3): 629-33. [PMID:8240268]
3. Meng F, Xie GX, Thompson RC, Mansour A, Goldstein A, Watson SJ, Akil H. (1993)
Cloning and pharmacological characterization of a rat kappa opioid receptor.
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 90 (21): 9954-8. [PMID:8234341]
4. Payza K. (2003)
Binding and activity of opioid ligands at the cloned human delta, mu and kappa receptors.  In  The Delta Receptor
Edited by Chang KJ (CRC Press) 261-275. [ISBN:0824740319]
5. Raynor K, Kong H, Chen Y, Yasuda K, Yu L, Bell GI, Reisine T. (1994)
Pharmacological characterization of the cloned kappa-, delta-, and mu-opioid receptors.
Mol Pharmacol, 45 (2): 330-4. [PMID:8114680]
6. Simonin F, Gavériaux-Ruff C, Befort K, Matthes H, Lannes B, Micheletti G, Mattéi MG, Charron G, Bloch B, Kieffer B. (1995)
kappa-Opioid receptor in humans: cDNA and genomic cloning, chromosomal assignment, functional expression, pharmacology, and expression pattern in the central nervous system.
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 92 (15): 7006-10. [PMID:7624359]
7. Toll L, Berzetei-Gurske IP, Polgar WE, Brandt SR, Adapa ID, Rodriguez L, Schwartz RW, Haggart D, O'Brien A, White A et al.. (1998)
Standard binding and functional assays related to medications development division testing for potential cocaine and opiate narcotic treatment medications.
NIDA Res Monogr, 178: 440-66. [PMID:9686407]
8. Yasuda K, Raynor K, Kong H, Breder CD, Takeda J, Reisine T, Bell GI. (1993)
Cloning and functional comparison of kappa and delta opioid receptors from mouse brain.
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 90 (14): 6736-40. [PMID:8393575]
9. Zhu J, Chen C, Xue JC, Kunapuli S, DeRiel JK, Liu-Chen LY. (1995)
Cloning of a human kappa opioid receptor from the brain.
Life Sci, 56: PL201-PL207. [PMID:7869844]
10. Zhu J, Luo LY, Li JG, Chen C, Liu-Chen LY. (1997)
Activation of the cloned human kappa opioid receptor by agonists enhances [35S]GTPgammaS binding to membranes: determination of potencies and efficacies of ligands.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 282 (2): 676-84. [PMID:9262330]