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Gene and Protein Information  |
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| Species | TM | AA | Chromosomal Location | Gene Symbol | Gene Name | Reference |
| Human | - | 476 | 1p13.2 | CHIA | chitinase acidic | |
| Mouse | - | 473 | 3 F2.2 | Chia1 | chitinase, acidic 1 | |
| Rat | - | 473 | 2q34 | Chia | chitinase, acidic | |
| Gene and Protein Information Comments | ||||||
| Several transcript variants from the human gene have been reported, but these produce only three protein isoforms (isoform c is the longest at 467 amino acids, isoform a has a shorter N-terminus and is 368 amino acids, and isoform c initiates from an alternative downstream AUG and is 315 amino acids). | ||||||
| Previous and Unofficial Names |
| chitinase, acidic | chitinase, acidic 1 | chitinase | CHIT2 |
| Database Links |
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| Alphafold | Q9BZP6 (Hs), Q91XA9 (Mm), Q6RY07 (Rn) |
| ChEMBL Target | CHEMBL1293197 (Hs), CHEMBL2052027 (Mm) |
| Ensembl Gene | ENSG00000134216 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000062778 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000033162 (Rn) |
| Entrez Gene | 27159 (Hs), 81600 (Mm), 113901 (Rn) |
| Human Protein Atlas | ENSG00000134216 (Hs) |
| KEGG Gene | hsa:27159 (Hs), mmu:81600 (Mm), rno:113901 (Rn) |
| OMIM | 606080 (Hs) |
| Pharos | Q9BZP6 (Hs) |
| RefSeq Nucleotide | NM_201653 (Hs), NM_023186 (Mm), NM_207586 (Rn) |
| RefSeq Protein | NP_970615 (Hs), NP_075675 (Mm), NP_997469 (Rn) |
| UniProtKB | Q9BZP6 (Hs), Q91XA9 (Mm), Q6RY07 (Rn) |
| Wikipedia | CHIA (Hs) |
Download all structure-activity data for this target as a CSV file 
| Inhibitors | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key to terms and symbols | View all chemical structures | Click column headers to sort | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| View species-specific inhibitor tables | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Immunopharmacology Comments |
| AMCase has been shown to be produced during type 2 inflammatory responses [6], such as those mediating allergic asthma [1,4]. As part of this type 2 response, AMCase activity causes IL-13 pathway activation. Laboratory studies have shown that AMCase neutralization, genetic ablation or pharmacological inhibition results in reduced IL-13-mediated allergic airway inflammation. Selective AMCase inhibitors are subsequently being investigated for anti-inflammatory potential in asthma [3]. |
| Immuno Process Associations | ||
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| Clinically-Relevant Mutations and Pathophysiology Comments |
| Mutations in this gene are associated with asthma susceptibility. |
| Biologically Significant Variants
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| General Comments |
| Chitinase degrades the chitin in the cell walls of fungi, arthropods and nematodes. |
1. Elias JA, Homer RJ, Hamid Q, Lee CG. (2005) Chitinases and chitinase-like proteins in T(H)2 inflammation and asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol, 116 (3): 497-500. [PMID:16159614]
2. Koralewski R, Dymek B, Mazur M, Sklepkiewicz P, Olejniczak S, Czestkowski W, Matyszewski K, Andryianau G, Niedziejko P, Kowalski M et al.. (2020) Discovery of OATD-01, a First-in-Class Chitinase Inhibitor as Potential New Therapeutics for Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. J Med Chem, 63 (24): 15527-15540. [PMID:33078933]
3. Mazur M, Olczak J, Olejniczak S, Koralewski R, Czestkowski W, Jedrzejczak A, Golab J, Dzwonek K, Dymek B, Sklepkiewicz PL et al.. (2018) Targeting Acidic Mammalian chitinase Is Effective in Animal Model of Asthma. J Med Chem, 61 (3): 695-710. [PMID:29283260]
4. Shen CR, Juang HH, Chen HS, Yang CJ, Wu CJ, Lee MH, Hwang YS, Kuo ML, Chen YS, Chen JK et al.. (2015) The Correlation between Chitin and Acidic Mammalian Chitinase in Animal Models of Allergic Asthma. Int J Mol Sci, 16 (11): 27371-7. [PMID:26580611]
5. Zhu Y, Yan X, Zhai C, Yang L, Li M. (2017) Association between risk of asthma and gene polymorphisms in CHI3L1 and CHIA: a systematic meta-analysis. BMC Pulm Med, 17 (1): 193. [PMID:29233108]
6. Zhu Z, Zheng T, Homer RJ, Kim YK, Chen NY, Cohn L, Hamid Q, Elias JA. (2004) Acidic mammalian chitinase in asthmatic Th2 inflammation and IL-13 pathway activation. Science, 304 (5677): 1678-82. [PMID:15192232]
Chitinases: chitinase acidic. Last modified on 16/07/2021. Accessed on 19/04/2024. IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY, https://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=2982.
target has curated data in GtoImmuPdb
