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Gene and Protein Information  |
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| Species | TM | P Loops | AA | Chromosomal Location | Gene Symbol | Gene Name | Reference |
| Human | 9 | 0 | 1603 | 15q13.3 | TRPM1 | transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 1 | 7-8,17 |
| Mouse | 8 | 0 | 1622 | 7 34.61 cM | Trpm1 | transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 1 | 11 |
| Rat | 8 | 0 | 1628 | 1q22 | Trpm1 | transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, member 1 | |
| Previous and Unofficial Names |
| LTRPC1 | melastatin 1 | MLSN1 | transient receptor potential cation channel |
| Database Links |
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| Alphafold | Q7Z4N2 (Hs), Q2TV84 (Mm), Q2WEA5 (Rn) |
| CATH/Gene3D | 1.20.5.1010 |
| ChEMBL Target | CHEMBL4879460 (Mm) |
| Ensembl Gene | ENSG00000134160 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000030523 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000015829 (Rn) |
| Entrez Gene | 4308 (Hs), 17364 (Mm), 361586 (Rn) |
| Human Protein Atlas | ENSG00000134160 (Hs) |
| KEGG Gene | hsa:4308 (Hs), mmu:17364 (Mm), rno:361586 (Rn) |
| OMIM | 603576 (Hs) |
| Orphanet | ORPHA225280 (Hs) |
| Pharos | Q7Z4N2 (Hs) |
| RefSeq Nucleotide | NM_001252030 (Hs), NM_002420 (Hs), NM_001252024 (Hs), NM_001252020 (Hs), NM_018752 (Mm), NM_001039104 (Mm), NM_001037734 (Rn), NM_001037733 (Rn) |
| RefSeq Protein | NP_001238949 (Hs), NP_002411 (Hs), NP_001238949 (Hs), NP_001034193 (Mm), NP_061222 (Mm), NP_001032822 (Rn), NP_001032823 (Rn) |
| UniProtKB | Q7Z4N2 (Hs), Q2TV84 (Mm), Q2WEA5 (Rn) |
| Wikipedia | TRPM1 (Hs) |
| Functional Characteristics |
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| Conducts mono- and di-valent cations non-selectively, dual rectification (inward and outward) | |
| Ion Selectivity and Conductance Comments |
| Nonselective, outward rectifying [13,18,20]. |
Download all structure-activity data for this target as a CSV file 
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| Immunopharmacology Comments |
| Expressed on mouse B cells and rat mast cells [21]. |
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| Physiological Functions
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| Phenotypes, Alleles and Disease Models
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Mouse data from MGI | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Clinically-Relevant Mutations and Pathophysiology
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| Gene Expression and Pathophysiology
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| Gene Expression and Pathophysiology Comments | ||||||||||||
| In melanoma or cancer-associated retinopathy, autoantibodies target TRPM1 in retinal ON-bipolar cells and cause ON-bipolar cell dysfunction [6,14]. | ||||||||||||
| General Comments |
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TRPM1 is a constitutively open, non-selective ion channel that is negatively regulated by activation of mGluR6 receptors in the ON-bipolar cells [13,18]. Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) induces expression of TRPM1 in melanocytes [17,24]. It has been reported that membrane insertion ot TRPM1 may be regulated by a short isoform (MLSN-S, 500 aa) [23], but note that the data supporting this report is weak and has not been reproduced or confirmed by any subsequent publication. |
1. Audo I, Kohl S, Leroy BP, Munier FL, Guillonneau X, Mohand-Saïd S, Bujakowska K, Nandrot EF, Lorenz B, Preising M et al.. (2009) TRPM1 is mutated in patients with autosomal-recessive complete congenital stationary night blindness. Am J Hum Genet, 85 (5): 720-9. [PMID:19896113]
2. Bellone RR, Forsyth G, Leeb T, Archer S, Sigurdsson S, Imsland F, Mauceli E, Engensteiner M, Bailey E, Sandmeyer L et al. (2010) Fine-mapping and mutation analysis of TRPM1: a candidate gene for leopard complex (LP) spotting and congenital stationary night blindness in horses. Brief Functional Genomics, 9 (3): 193-207. [PMID:20353955]
3. Cao Y, Posokhova E, Martemyanov KA. (2011) TRPM1 forms complexes with nyctalopin in vivo and accumulates in postsynaptic compartment of ON-bipolar neurons in mGluR6-dependent manner. J Neurosci, 31 (32): 11521-6. [PMID:21832182]
4. Deeds J, Cronin F, Duncan LM. (2000) Patterns of melastatin mRNA expression in melanocytic tumors. Hum Pathol, 31 (11): 1346-56. [PMID:11112208]
5. Devi S, Markandeya Y, Maddodi N, Dhingra A, Vardi N, Balijepalli RC, Setaluri V. (2013) Metabotropic glutamate receptor 6 signaling enhances TRPM1 calcium channel function and increases melanin content in human melanocytes. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res, 26 (3): 348-56. [PMID:23452348]
6. Dhingra A, Fina ME, Neinstein A, Ramsey DJ, Xu Y, Fishman GA, Alexander KR, Qian H, Peachey NS, Gregg RG et al.. (2011) Autoantibodies in melanoma-associated retinopathy target TRPM1 cation channels of retinal ON bipolar cells. J Neurosci, 31 (11): 3962-7. [PMID:21411639]
7. Duncan LM, Deeds J, Cronin FE, Donovan M, Sober AJ, Kauffman M, McCarthy JJ. (2001) Melastatin expression and prognosis in cutaneous malignant melanoma. J Clin Oncol, 19 (2): 568-76. [PMID:11208852]
8. Duncan LM, Deeds J, Hunter J, Shao J, Holmgren LM, Woolf EA, Tepper RI, Shyjan AW. (1998) Down-regulation of the novel gene melastatin correlates with potential for melanoma metastasis. Cancer Res, 58 (7): 1515-20. [PMID:9537257]
9. Erickson LA, Letts GA, Shah SM, Shackelton JB, Duncan LM. (2009) TRPM1 (Melastatin-1/MLSN1) mRNA expression in Spitz nevi and nodular melanomas. Mod Pathol, 22 (7): 969-76. [PMID:19396153]
10. Gilliam JC, Wensel TG. (2011) TRP channel gene expression in the mouse retina. Vision Res, 51 (23-24): 2440-52. [PMID:22037305]
11. Hunter JJ, Shao J, Smutko JS, Dussault BJ, Nagle DL, Woolf EA, Holmgren LM, Moore KJ, Shyjan AW. (1998) Chromosomal localization and genomic characterization of the mouse melastatin gene (Mlsn1). Genomics, 54 (1): 116-23. [PMID:9806836]
12. Klooster J, Blokker J, Ten Brink JB, Unmehopa U, Fluiter K, Bergen AA, Kamermans M. (2011) Ultrastructural localization and expression of TRPM1 in the human retina. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 52 (11): 8356-62. [PMID:21896854]
13. Koike C, Obara T, Uriu Y, Numata T, Sanuki R, Miyata K, Koyasu T, Ueno S, Funabiki K, Tani A et al.. (2010) TRPM1 is a component of the retinal ON bipolar cell transduction channel in the mGluR6 cascade. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 107 (1): 332-7. [PMID:19966281]
14. Kondo M, Sanuki R, Ueno S, Nishizawa Y, Hashimoto N, Ohguro H, Yamamoto S, Machida S, Terasaki H, Adamus G et al.. (2011) Identification of autoantibodies against TRPM1 in patients with paraneoplastic retinopathy associated with ON bipolar cell dysfunction. PLoS ONE, 6 (5): e19911. [PMID:21611200]
15. Lambert S, Drews A, Rizun O, Wagner TF, Lis A, Mannebach S, Plant S, Portz M, Meissner M, Philipp SE et al.. (2011) Transient receptor potential melastatin 1 (TRPM1) is an ion-conducting plasma membrane channel inhibited by zinc ions. J Biol Chem, 286 (14): 12221-33. [PMID:21278253]
16. Li Z, Sergouniotis PI, Michaelides M, Mackay DS, Wright GA, Devery S, Moore AT, Holder GE, Robson AG, Webster AR. (2009) Recessive mutations of the gene TRPM1 abrogate ON bipolar cell function and cause complete congenital stationary night blindness in humans. Am J Hum Genet, 85 (5): 711-9. [PMID:19878917]
17. Miller AJ, Du J, Rowan S, Hershey CL, Widlund HR, Fisher DE. (2004) Transcriptional regulation of the melanoma prognostic marker melastatin (TRPM1) by MITF in melanocytes and melanoma. Cancer Res, 64 (2): 509-16. [PMID:14744763]
18. Morgans CW, Zhang J, Jeffrey BG, Nelson SM, Burke NS, Duvoisin RM, Brown RL. (2009) TRPM1 is required for the depolarizing light response in retinal ON-bipolar cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 106 (45): 19174-8. [PMID:19861548]
19. Nakamura M, Sanuki R, Yasuma TR, Onishi A, Nishiguchi KM, Koike C, Kadowaki M, Kondo M, Miyake Y, Furukawa T. (2010) TRPM1 mutations are associated with the complete form of congenital stationary night blindness. Mol Vis, 16: 425-37. [PMID:20300565]
20. Oancea E, Vriens J, Brauchi S, Jun J, Splawski I, Clapham DE. (2009) TRPM1 forms ion channels associated with melanin content in melanocytes. Sci Signal, 2 (70): ra21. [PMID:19436059]
21. Parenti A, De Logu F, Geppetti P, Benemei S. (2016) What is the evidence for the role of TRP channels in inflammatory and immune cells?. Br J Pharmacol, 173 (6): 953-69. [PMID:26603538]
22. van Genderen MM, Bijveld MM, Claassen YB, Florijn RJ, Pearring JN, Meire FM, McCall MA, Riemslag FC, Gregg RG, Bergen AA et al.. (2009) Mutations in TRPM1 are a common cause of complete congenital stationary night blindness. Am J Hum Genet, 85 (5): 730-6. [PMID:19896109]
23. Xu XZ, Moebius F, Gill DL, Montell C. (2001) Regulation of melastatin, a TRP-related protein, through interaction with a cytoplasmic isoform. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 98 (19): 10692-7. [PMID:11535825]
24. Zhiqi S, Soltani MH, Bhat KM, Sangha N, Fang D, Hunter JJ, Setaluri V. (2004) Human melastatin 1 (TRPM1) is regulated by MITF and produces multiple polypeptide isoforms in melanocytes and melanoma. Melanoma Res, 14 (6): 509-16. [PMID:15577322]
target has curated data in GtoImmuPdb
