SGPP1 and SGPP2 are non-redundant endoplasmic reticulum enzymes that dephosphorylate intracellular S1P. The phenotype of Sgpp1(-/-) mice differ with genetic background. Sgpp2(-/-) mice are also available. No specific SGPP inhibitors available [1].

* Key recommended reading is highlighted with an asterisk

Allende ML, Sipe LM, Tuymetova G, Wilson-Henjum KL, Chen W, Proia RL. (2013) Sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase 1 regulates keratinocyte differentiation and epidermal homeostasis. J. Biol. Chem., 288 (25): 18381-91. [PMID:23637227]

* Huang WC, Liang J, Nagahashi M, Avni D, Yamada A, Maceyka M, Wolen AR, Kordula T, Milstien S, Takabe K et al.. (2016) Sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphatase 2 promotes disruption of mucosal integrity, and contributes to ulcerative colitis in mice and humans. FASEB J., 30 (8): 2945-58. [PMID:27130484]

* Kilbey A, Terry A, Wotton S, Borland G, Zhang Q, Mackay N, McDonald A, Bell M, Wakelam MJ, Cameron ER et al.. (2017) Runx1 Orchestrates Sphingolipid Metabolism and Glucocorticoid Resistance in Lymphomagenesis. J. Cell. Biochem., 118 (6): 1432-1441. [PMID:27869314]

* Lépine S, Allegood JC, Park M, Dent P, Milstien S, Spiegel S. (2011) Sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphohydrolase-1 regulates ER stress-induced autophagy. Cell Death Differ., 18 (2): 350-61. [PMID:20798685]

* Mandala SM, Thornton R, Galve-Roperh I, Poulton S, Peterson C, Olivera A, Bergstrom J, Kurtz MB, Spiegel S. (2000) Molecular cloning and characterization of a lipid phosphohydrolase that degrades sphingosine-1- phosphate and induces cell death. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 97 (14): 7859-64. [PMID:10859351]

* Schwiebs A, Thomas D, Kleuser B, Pfeilschifter JM, Radeke HH. (2017) Nuclear Translocation of SGPP-1 and Decrease of SGPL-1 Activity Contribute to Sphingolipid Rheostat Regulation of Inflammatory Dendritic Cells. Mediators Inflamm., 2017: 5187368. [PMID:29375197]

* Taguchi Y, Allende ML, Mizukami H, Cook EK, Gavrilova O, Tuymetova G, Clarke BA, Chen W, Olivera A, Proia RL. (2016) Sphingosine-1-phosphate Phosphatase 2 Regulates Pancreatic Islet β-Cell Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Proliferation. J. Biol. Chem., 291 (23): 12029-38. [PMID:27059959]

1. Lépine S, Allegood JC, Edmonds Y, Milstien S, Spiegel S. (2011) Autophagy induced by deficiency of sphingosine-1-phosphate phosphohydrolase 1 is switched to apoptosis by calpain-mediated autophagy-related gene 5 (Atg5) cleavage. J. Biol. Chem., 286 (52): 44380-90. [PMID:22052905]