Synonyms: APX-115 | APX115 | EWHA-18278 (free base)
Compound class:
Synthetic organic
Comment: Isuzinaxib (APX-115) is a first-in-class pan-NADPH oxidase (NOX) inhibitor [1]. We show the chemical structure for the free base, but it is generally delivered as the hydrochloride salt. Isuzinaxib was designed to reduce cellular oxidative stress and tissue injury caused by imbalanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in pathological condtions. NADPH oxidases (NOX1-5, DUOX1 and DUOX2) are the major sources of ROS. The effects of pan-NOX inhibition by isuzinaxib can be compared with the effects of the dual NOX1/NOX4 inhibitor setanaxib (GKT137831) [2].
COVID-19: ROS production in response to virus infection are known activators that promote apoptosis, lung injury, and inflammation. Isuzinaxib is being evaluated as a clinical agent that may reduce ROS-induced tissue damage in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. |
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References |
1. Cha JJ, Min HS, Kim KT, Kim JE, Ghee JY, Kim HW, Lee JE, Han JY, Lee G, Ha HJ et al.. (2017)
APX-115, a first-in-class pan-NADPH oxidase (Nox) inhibitor, protects db/db mice from renal injury. Lab Invest, 97 (4): 419-431. [PMID:28165467] |
2. Chocry M, Leloup L. (2020)
The NADPH Oxidase Family and Its Inhibitors. Antioxid Redox Signal, 33 (5): 332-353. [PMID:31826639] |
3. Dorotea D, Kwon G, Lee JH, Saunders E, Bae YS, Moon SH, Lee SJ, Cha DR, Ha H. (2018)
A pan-NADPH Oxidase Inhibitor Ameliorates Kidney Injury in Type 1 Diabetic Rats. Pharmacology, 102 (3-4): 180-189. [PMID:30099457] |
4. Kwon G, Uddin MJ, Lee G, Jiang S, Cho A, Lee JH, Lee SR, Bae YS, Moon SH, Lee SJ et al.. (2017)
A novel pan-Nox inhibitor, APX-115, protects kidney injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice: possible role of peroxisomal and mitochondrial biogenesis. Oncotarget, 8 (43): 74217-74232. [PMID:29088780] |
5. Lee ES, Kim HM, Lee SH, Ha KB, Bae YS, Lee SJ, Moon SH, Lee EY, Lee JH, Chung CH. (2020)
APX-115, a pan-NADPH oxidase inhibitor, protects development of diabetic nephropathy in podocyte specific NOX5 transgenic mice. Free Radic Biol Med, 161: 92-101. [PMID:33011273] |