etomoxir   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 9089

Synonyms: rac-etomoxir ethyl ester
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Etomoxir is an irreversible inhibitor of mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1). It is one of the most widely used chemical probes for studying mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation.
We show the (R) enantiomer, which is the active form responsible for fatty acid oxidation.
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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View interactive charts of activity data across species
2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the CDK toolkit. All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 3
Hydrogen bond donors 0
Rotatable bonds 11
Topological polar surface area 48.06
Molecular weight 326.13
XLogP 4.08
No. Lipinski's rules broken 1
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

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Canonical SMILES CCOC(=O)C1(CCCCCCOc2ccc(cc2)Cl)OC1
Isomeric SMILES CCOC(=O)[C@]1(CCCCCCOc2ccc(cc2)Cl)OC1
InChI InChI=1S/C17H23ClO4/c1-2-20-16(19)17(13-22-17)11-5-3-4-6-12-21-15-9-7-14(18)8-10-15/h7-10H,2-6,11-13H2,1H3/t17-/m1/s1
InChI Key DZLOHEOHWICNIL-QGZVFWFLSA-N
Bioactivity Comments
The (R) enantiomer is more active than the (S) form. Under physiological conditions etomoxir is converted to etomoxiryl-CoA for transport across the outer mitochondrial membrane.
(R)-etomoxir inhibits fatty acid oxidation in rat hepatocytes with an IC50 of ~2000nM [1].
The (S) enantiomer inhibits fatty acid and cholesterol synthesis to the same extent as the (R) enantiomer [1].
Selectivity at enzymes
Key to terms and symbols Click column headers to sort
Target Sp. Type Action Value Parameter Concentration range (M) Reference
carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A Rn Inhibitor Inhibition 5.7 pIC50 - 2
⤷ pIC50 5.7 (IC50 2x10-6 M) [2]
Description: Determined by evaluating inhibition of fatty acid synthesis in rat hepatocytes (which express CPT1A isoform but not CPT1B or 1C)