pioglitazone   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 2694

Synonyms: Actos® | Glustin® | pioglitazone HCl | U-72107A
Approved drug
pioglitazone is an approved drug (FDA (1999), EMA (2000))
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Pioglitazone is a thiazolidinedione class antihyperglycemic drug.
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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View interactive charts of activity data across species

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View more information in the IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project: pioglitazone

2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the CDK toolkit. All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 4
Hydrogen bond donors 1
Rotatable bonds 7
Topological polar surface area 93.59
Molecular weight 356.12
XLogP 2.34
No. Lipinski's rules broken 0
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

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Canonical SMILES CCc1ccc(nc1)CCOc1ccc(cc1)CC1SC(=O)NC1=O
Isomeric SMILES CCc1ccc(nc1)CCOc1ccc(cc1)CC1SC(=O)NC1=O
InChI InChI=1S/C19H20N2O3S/c1-2-13-3-6-15(20-12-13)9-10-24-16-7-4-14(5-8-16)11-17-18(22)21-19(23)25-17/h3-8,12,17H,2,9-11H2,1H3,(H,21,22,23)
InChI Key HYAFETHFCAUJAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
No information available.
Summary of Clinical Use Click here for help
Used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
In 2014, the EMA granted pioglitazone orphan designation for the treatment of adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD).
Mechanism Of Action and Pharmacodynamic Effects Click here for help
Agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma receptor (PPARγ) in target tissues for insulin action. Activation of these receptors increases the transcription of insulin-responsive genes involved in the control of glucose production, transport and utilisation. This results in enhanced tissue sensitivity to insulin and reduced hepatic gluconeogenesis.
In ALD activation of PPARγ receptors by pioglitazone is postulated to reduce axonal degeneration by improving mitochondrial function in nerve cells [4].
External links Click here for help
For extended ADME data see the following:

Electronic Medicines Compendium (eMC)
Drugs.com
European Medicines Agency (EMA)