Phospholipid scramblases (PLSCR)

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Phospholipid scramblases (PLSCR)

Unless otherwise stated all data on this page refer to the human proteins. Gene information is provided for human (Hs), mouse (Mm) and rat (Rn).

Overview

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Phospholipid scramblases catalyse the translocation of phospholipids between the inner and outer leaflets of the cellular lipid membrane. In humans there are five phospholipid scramblase genes, PLSCR1-5.

Enzymes

phospholipid scramblase 1 Show summary »« Hide summary

Target Id	3238
Nomenclature	phospholipid scramblase 1
Genes	PLSCR1 (Hs), Plscr1 (Mm), Plscr1 (Rn)
Ensembl ID	ENSG00000188313 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000032369 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000008048 (Rn)
UniProtKB AC	O15162 (Hs), O54730 (Mm), P58195 (Rn)
Comment	PLSCR1 expression is upregulated by interferons and enhances the antiviral interferon response [2]. It has been investigated for involvement in coronavirus biology [1], where it is reported to block infection of human cells by a range of SARS-CoV-2 variants by disrupting virus-membrane fusion, and preventing viral RNA release into host cells [3]. This mechanism is also active in other mammals that are infected by β-coronaviruses.

References

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1. Cheemarla NR, Watkins TA, Mihaylova VT, Wang B, Zhao D, Wang G, Landry ML, Foxman EF. (2021) Dynamic innate immune response determines susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and early replication kinetics. J Exp Med, 218 (8). [PMID:34128960]

2. Dong B, Zhou Q, Zhao J, Zhou A, Harty RN, Bose S, Banerjee A, Slee R, Guenther J, Williams BR et al.. (2004) Phospholipid scramblase 1 potentiates the antiviral activity of interferon. J Virol, 78 (17): 8983-93. [PMID:15308695]

3. Xu D, Jiang W, Wu L, Gaudet RG, Park ES, Su M, Cheppali SK, Cheemarla NR, Kumar P, Uchil PD et al.. (2023) PLSCR1 is a cell-autonomous defence factor against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nature, [Epub ahead of print]. DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06322-y [PMID:37438530]

How to cite this family page

Database page citation:

Phospholipid scramblases (PLSCR). Accessed on 28/09/2023. IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY, http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/FamilyDisplayForward?familyId=1082.

Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY citation:

Alexander SP, Fabbro D, Kelly E, Mathie A, Peters JA, Veale EL et al. (2021) THE CONCISE GUIDE TO PHARMACOLOGY 2021/22: Enzymes. Br J Pharmacol. 178 Suppl 1:S313-S411.