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Unless otherwise stated all data on this page refer to the human proteins. Gene information is provided for human (Hs), mouse (Mm) and rat (Rn).
SLC7 family members may be divided into two major groups: cationic amino acid transporters (CATs) and glycoprotein-associated amino acid transporters (gpaATs).
Cationic amino acid transporters are 14 TM proteins, which mediate pH- and sodium-independent transport of cationic amino acids (system y+), apparently as an exchange mechanism. These transporters are sensitive to inhibition by N-ethylmaleimide.
CAT1 (High affinity cationic amino acid transporter 1 / SLC7A1) C Show summary » |
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CAT2 (Low affinity cationic amino acid transporter 2 / SLC7A2) C Show summary » |
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CAT3 (Cationic amino acid transporter 3 / SLC7A3) C Show summary » |
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CAT4 (Cationic amino acid transporter 4 / SLC7A4) Show summary » |
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Probable cationic amino acid transporter / SLC7A14 Show summary » |
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LAT1 (L-type amino acid transporter 1 / SLC7A5) C Show summary » More detailed page |
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LAT2 (L-type amino acid transporter 2 / SLC7A8) C Show summary » |
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y+LAT1 (y+L amino acid transporter 1 / SLC7A7) C Show summary » |
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y+LAT2 (y+L amino acid transporter 2 / SLC7A6) C Show summary » |
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b0,+AT (b0,+-type amino acid transporter 1 / SLC7A9) C Show summary » |
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Asc-1 (Asc-type amino acid transporter 1 / SLC7A10) C Show summary »
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xCT (Cystine/glutamate transporter / SLC7A11) C Show summary » |
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AGT1 / SLC7A13 C Show summary » |
Database page citation (select format):
Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY citation:
Alexander SPH, Fabbro D, Kelly E, Mathie AA, Peters JA, Veale EL, Armstrong JF, Faccenda E, Harding SD, Davies JA et al. (2023) The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2023/24: Transporters. Br J Pharmacol. 180 Suppl 2:S374-469.
CAT4 appears to be non-functional in heterologous expression [3], while SLC7A14 has yet to be characterized.
Glycoprotein-associated amino acid transporters are 12 TM proteins, which heterodimerize with members of the SLC3 family to act as cell-surface amino acid exchangers.
Heterodimers between 4F2hc and LAT1 or LAT2 generate sodium-independent system L transporters. LAT1 transports large neutral amino acids including branched-chain and aromatic amino acids as well as miglustat, whereas LAT2 transports most of the neutral amino acids.
Heterodimers between 4F2hc and y+LAT1 or y+LAT2 generate transporters similar to the system y+L , which transport cationic (L-arginine, L-lysine, L-ornithine) amino acids independent of sodium and neutral (L-leucine, L-isoleucine, L-methionine, L-glutamine) amino acids in a partially sodium-dependent manner. These transporters are N-ethylmaleimide-insensitive. Heterodimers between rBAT and b0,+AT appear to mediate sodium-independent system b0,+ transport of most of the neutral amino acids and cationic amino acids (L-arginine, L-lysine and L-ornithine).
Asc-1 appears to heterodimerize with 4F2hc to allow the transport of small neutral amino acids (such as L-alanine, L-serine, L-threonine, L-glutamine and glycine), as well as D-serine, in a sodium-independent manner.
xCT generates a heterodimer with 4F2hc for a system x-e-c transporter that mediates the sodium-independent exchange of L-cystine and L-glutamic acid.
AGT has been conjugated with SLC3 members as fusion proteins to generate functional transporters, but the identity of a native heterodimer has yet to be ascertained.