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Hydrogen sulphide synthesis C

Unless otherwise stated all data on this page refer to the human proteins. Gene information is provided for human (Hs), mouse (Mm) and rat (Rn).

Overview

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Hydrogen sulfide is a gasotransmitter, with similarities to nitric oxide and carbon monoxide. Although the enzymes indicated below have multiple enzymatic activities, the focus here is the generation of hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and the enzymatic characteristics are described accordingly. Cystathionine β-synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) are pyridoxal phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes. 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3-MPST) functions to generate H2S; only CAT is PLP-dependent, while 3-MPST is not. Thus, this third pathway is sometimes referred to as PLP-independent. CBS and CSE are predominantly cytosolic enzymes, while 3-MPST is found both in the cytosol and the mitochondria. For an authoritative review on the pharmacological modulation of H2S levels, see Szabo and Papapetropoulos, 2017 [7].

Enzymes

1444
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CBS (Cystathionine β-synthase) C Show summary »

CSE (Cystathionine γ-lyase) C Show summary »


Target Id 1444
Nomenclature Cystathionine γ-lyase
Common abbreviation CSE
Previous and unofficial names γ-cystathioninase | CGL | cystathionine gamma-lyase | cysteine-protein sulfhydrase | PRB-RA | probasin-related antigen | CSE | cystathionase (cystathionine gamma-lyase)
Genes CTH (Hs), Cth (Mm), Cth (Rn)
Ensembl ID ENSG00000116761 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000028179 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000010658 (Rn)
UniProtKB AC P32929 (Hs), Q8VCN5 (Mm), P18757 (Rn)
EC number
4.4.1.1
Endogenous substrates
L-cysteine
Products
pyruvic acid
NH3
Cofactors
pyridoxal 5-phosphate
Inhibitors
aminoethoxyvinylglycine pIC50 6.0 [1]
aminooxyacetic acid pIC50 6.0 [1]
β-Cyano-L-alanine pIC50 5.8 [1]
propargylglycine pIC50 4.4 [1]

CAT (L-Cysteine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase) C Show summary »

MPST (3-Mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase) C Show summary »

Further reading

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References

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NC-IUPHAR subcommittee and family contributors

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How to cite this family page

Database page citation (select format):

Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY citation:

Alexander SPH, Fabbro D, Kelly E, Mathie AA, Peters JA, Veale EL, Armstrong JF, Faccenda E, Harding SD, Davies JA et al. (2023) The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2023/24: Enzymes. Br J Pharmacol. 180 Suppl 2:S289-373.