GABA<sub>A</sub> receptor γ1 subunit | GABA<sub>A</sub> receptors

GABA_A receptor γ1 subunit

Target not currently curated in GtoImmuPdb

Target id: 413

Nomenclature: GABA_A receptor γ1 subunit

Gene and Protein Information
Species	TM	AA	Chromosomal Location	Gene Symbol	Gene Name	Reference
Human	4	465	4p12	GABRG1	gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit gamma1	9
Mouse	4	465	5 37.43 cM	Gabrg1	gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit gamma 1	8
Rat	4	465	14p11	Gabrg1	gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit gamma 1	11

Previous and Unofficial Names
GABA(A) receptor subunit gamma-1 \| gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, gamma 1 \| gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, subunit gamma 1 \| gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor \| gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor gamma 1 subunit \| gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor gamma1 subunit

Previous and Unofficial Names

GABA(A) receptor subunit gamma-1 | gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, gamma 1 | gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor, subunit gamma 1 | gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor | gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor gamma 1 subunit | gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor gamma1 subunit

Database Links
Alphafold	Q8N1C3 (Hs), Q9R0Y8 (Mm), P23574 (Rn)
CATH/Gene3D	2.70.170.10
ChEMBL Target	CHEMBL2093872 (Hs), CHEMBL2109243 (Hs), CHEMBL2094133 (Mm), CHEMBL296 (Rn)
DrugBank Target	Q8N1C3 (Hs), Q8N1C3 (Hs)
Ensembl Gene	ENSG00000163285 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000001260 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000002360 (Rn)
Entrez Gene	2565 (Hs), 14405 (Mm), 140674 (Rn)
Human Protein Atlas	ENSG00000163285 (Hs)
KEGG Gene	hsa:2565 (Hs), mmu:14405 (Mm), rno:140674 (Rn)
OMIM	137166 (Hs)
Pharos	Q8N1C3 (Hs)
RefSeq Nucleotide	NM_173536 (Hs), NM_010252 (Mm), NM_080586 (Rn)
RefSeq Protein	NP_775807 (Hs), NP_034382 (Mm), NP_542153 (Rn)
UniProtKB	Q8N1C3 (Hs), Q9R0Y8 (Mm), P23574 (Rn)
Wikipedia	GABRG1 (Hs)

Natural/Endogenous Ligands
GABA

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Channel Blockers

Key to terms and symbols

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Ligand		Sp.	Action	Use-dependent	Value	Parameter	Concentration range (M)	Voltage-dependent (mV)
picrotoxin		Hs	-	no	-	-	-	no
⤷	Not voltage dependent
TBPS		Hs	-	no	-	-	-	no
⤷	Not voltage dependent

Tissue Distribution

In situ hybridization signals for the γ1 subunit are strongest in the central and medial amygdala, bed nucleus of stria terminalis, and lateral septum, medial preoptic area, and Bergmann glia of the cerebellum. Weak signals are obtained in the hippocampus, neocortex, caudate-putamen and nucleus accumbens, thalamus, and several other parts of the brain

Species:	Rat
Technique:	In situ hybridisation
References:	3-4,10

For the γ1 subunit only faint and diffuse immunoreactivity is detected in all parts of the hippocampus. The faint γ1 immunostaining appears to be associated with astrocyte-like cells and fibres.

Species:	Rat
Technique:	Immunohistochemistry
References:	7

Immunoreactivity for γ1 is much stronger in the globus pallidus, entopeduncular nucleus and ventral pallidum than in the striatum, nucleus accumbens and olfactory tubercle. Strikingly, γ1-immunoreactivity, although absent in most areas outside the basal ganglia, is present in the pallidal nuclei and the subtantia nigra pars reticulata

Species:	Rat
Technique:	Immunohistochemistry
References:	6

γ1 subunit immunoreactivity is preferentially located in the pallidum, substantia nigra, septum, medial and central amygdaloid nuclei and in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis. It is also present in the cerebellar Purkinje cell and granula cell layer, and in the cerebellar nuclei, in the zonal and superficial layer of the superior colliculus, and some nuclei of the medulla as well as in the Trigeminal sensory complex. In most of the other brain regions it not, or very weakly, expressed.

Species:	Rat
Technique:	Immunohistochemistry
References:	5

Thalamic nuclei and basal ganglia. The parafascicular nucleus is the only thalamic nucleus expressing this subunit mRNA. In this nucleus, it is expressed at a high level medially and at a moderate level laterally. In the same autoradiographs the γ1 subunit is expressed in hypothalamic nuclei at a moderate to high level. In the basal ganglia no signal is detected except a weak signal within the lateral globus pallidus. An additional staining is observed in the juxtacapsular subdivision of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis.

Species:	Rhesus macaque
Technique:	In situ hybridisation
References:	1-2

References

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1. Huntsman MM, Leggio MG, Jones EG. (1996) Nucleus-specific expression of GABA(A) receptor subunit mRNAs in monkey thalamus. J Neurosci, 16 (11): 3571-89. [PMID:8642403]

2. Kultas-Ilinsky K, Leontiev V, Whiting PJ. (1998) Expression of 10 GABA(A) receptor subunit messenger RNAs in the motor-related thalamic nuclei and basal ganglia of Macaca mulatta studied with in situ hybridization histochemistry. Neuroscience, 85 (1): 179-204. [PMID:9607711]

3. Laurie DJ, Seeburg PH, Wisden W. (1992) The distribution of 13 GABAA receptor subunit mRNAs in the rat brain. II. Olfactory bulb and cerebellum. J Neurosci, 12 (3): 1063-76. [PMID:1312132]

4. Persohn E, Malherbe P, Richards JG. (1992) Comparative molecular neuroanatomy of cloned GABAA receptor subunits in the rat CNS. J Comp Neurol, 326 (2): 193-216. [PMID:1336019]

5. Pirker S, Schwarzer C, Wieselthaler A, Sieghart W, Sperk G. (2000) GABA(A) receptors: immunocytochemical distribution of 13 subunits in the adult rat brain. Neuroscience, 101 (4): 815-50. [PMID:11113332]

6. Schwarzer C, Berresheim U, Pirker S, Wieselthaler A, Fuchs K, Sieghart W, Sperk G. (2001) Distribution of the major gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) receptor subunits in the basal ganglia and associated limbic brain areas of the adult rat. J Comp Neurol, 433 (4): 526-49. [PMID:11304716]

7. Sperk G, Schwarzer C, Tsunashima K, Fuchs K, Sieghart W. (1997) GABA(A) receptor subunits in the rat hippocampus I: immunocytochemical distribution of 13 subunits. Neuroscience, 80 (4): 987-1000. [PMID:9284055]

8. Wang JB, Liu ZF, Kofuji P, Burt DR. (1998) The GABA(A) receptor gamma1-subunit in seizure prone (DBA/2) and resistant (C57BL/6) mice. Brain Res Bull, 45 (4): 421-5. [PMID:9527017]

9. Wilcox AS, Warrington JA, Gardiner K, Berger R, Whiting P, Altherr MR, Wasmuth JJ, Patterson D, Sikela JM. (1992) Human chromosomal localization of genes encoding the gamma 1 and gamma 2 subunits of the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor indicates that members of this gene family are often clustered in the genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 89 (13): 5857-61. [PMID:1321425]

10. Wisden W, Laurie DJ, Monyer H, Seeburg PH. (1992) The distribution of 13 GABAA receptor subunit mRNAs in the rat brain. I. Telencephalon, diencephalon, mesencephalon. J Neurosci, 12 (3): 1040-62. [PMID:1312131]

11. Ymer S, Draguhn A, Wisden W, Werner P, Keinänen K, Schofield PR, Sprengel R, Pritchett DB, Seeburg PH. (1990) Structural and functional characterization of the gamma 1 subunit of GABAA/benzodiazepine receptors. EMBO J, 9 (10): 3261-7. [PMID:2170110]