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Gene and Protein Information | ||||||
class C G protein-coupled receptor | ||||||
Species | TM | AA | Chromosomal Location | Gene Symbol | Gene Name | Reference |
Human | 7 | 926 | 6q22.1 | GPRC6A | G protein-coupled receptor class C group 6 member A | 7,9 |
Mouse | 7 | 928 | 10 B3 | Gprc6a | G protein-coupled receptor, family C, group 6, member A | 9 |
Rat | 7 | 928 | 20q11 | Gprc6a | G protein-coupled receptor, class C, group 6, member A | 8 |
Previous and Unofficial Names |
GPCR6A | G protein-coupled receptor, family C, group 6, member A | G protein-coupled receptor, class C, group 6, member A | G protein-coupled receptor |
Database Links | |
Specialist databases | |
GPCRdb | gpc6a_human (Hs), gpc6a_mouse (Mm), gpc6a_rat (Rn) |
Other databases | |
Alphafold | Q5T6X5 (Hs), Q8K4Z6 (Mm), Q70VB1 (Rn) |
ChEMBL Target | CHEMBL4523873 (Hs), CHEMBL3347255 (Mm) |
Ensembl Gene | ENSG00000173612 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000019905 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000000401 (Rn) |
Entrez Gene | 222545 (Hs), 210198 (Mm), 294394 (Rn) |
Human Protein Atlas | ENSG00000173612 (Hs) |
KEGG Gene | hsa:222545 (Hs), mmu:210198 (Mm), rno:294394 (Rn) |
OMIM | 13572 (Hs) |
Pharos | Q5T6X5 (Hs) |
RefSeq Nucleotide | NM_148963 (Hs), NM_153071 (Mm) |
RefSeq Protein | NP_683766 (Hs), NP_694711 (Mm) |
UniProtKB | Q5T6X5 (Hs), Q8K4Z6 (Mm), Q70VB1 (Rn) |
Wikipedia | GPRC6A (Hs) |
Natural/Endogenous Ligands |
glycine |
L-alanine |
L-arginine |
L-citrulline |
L-glutamine |
L-lysine |
L-ornithine |
L-serine |
Download all structure-activity data for this target as a CSV file
Agonists | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Key to terms and symbols | View all chemical structures | Click column headers to sort | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The values listed are pEC50 values of a chimeric receptor containing the agonist binding amino-terminal domain from GPRC6A and the 7TM domain from the orthologous goldfish 5.24 receptor. The 5.24 receptor is also a promiscuous L-alpha-amino acid receptor with preference for basic amino acids [6]. The divalent cations calcium and magnesium have been shown to either positively modulate the responses of L-alpha amino acids [3] or to directly activate GPRC6A (≥ 20mM concentration needed for robust responses) [4]. It has been suggested that uncarboxylated osteocalcin is a calcium-dependent agonist; however, the signaling pathway activated remains inconclusive [4-5]. Another study has been unable to confirm the agonist activity of osteocalcin [2]. |
Antagonist Comments | ||
No antagonists identified so far. |
Allosteric Modulators | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Key to terms and symbols | View all chemical structures | Click column headers to sort | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Allosteric Modulator Comments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
NPS 2143 and calindol are ~30 fold more potent on the calcium-sensing receptor (CaS) and thus have limited usability as pharmacological tools. |
Primary Transduction Mechanisms | |
Transducer | Effector/Response |
Gq/G11 family | Phospholipase C stimulation |
Comments: Gq/G11-mediated signalling stimulates phospholipase C and increases inositol phosphate generation: determined by stable expression of mouse receptor in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The Gq inhibitor UBO-QIC and phospholipase C inhibitor U73122 both fully inhibit the observed response. | |
References: 2,9 |
Tissue Distribution | ||||||||
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Expression Datasets | |
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Functional Assays | ||||||||||
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Phenotypes, Alleles and Disease Models | Mouse data from MGI | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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General Comments |
The human receptor does not traffic to the cell surface [7] and it has thus not been possible to obtain a functional signal from the wild-type receptor [9]. When expressing a chimeric receptor containing the agonist binding amino-terminal domain from GPRC6A and the 7TM domain from the orthologous goldfish 5.24 receptor [6] it does traffic to the cell surface and respond to agonists.The mouse Gprc6a receptor does traffic to the cell surface and respond to agonists when expressed in Xenopus oocytes as a wild-type (and so does not require the production of chimeric receptors) [9]. Both mouse and rat Gprc6a receptors traffic to the cell surface when expressed in HEK293-taA cells [8]. |
1. Faure H, Gorojankina T, Rice N, Dauban P, Dodd RH, Bräuner-Osborne H, Rognan D, Ruat M. (2009) Molecular determinants of non-competitive antagonist binding to the mouse GPRC6A receptor. Cell Calcium, 46 (5-6): 323-32. [PMID:19836834]
2. Jacobsen SE, Nørskov-Lauritsen L, Thomsen AR, Smajilovic S, Wellendorph P, Larsson NH, Lehmann A, Bhatia VK, Bräuner-Osborne H. (2013) Delineation of the GPRC6A receptor signaling pathways using a mammalian cell line stably expressing the receptor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 347 (2): 298-309. [PMID:24008333]
3. Kuang D, Yao Y, Lam J, Tsushima RG, Hampson DR. (2005) Cloning and characterization of a family C orphan G-protein coupled receptor. J Neurochem, 93 (2): 383-91. [PMID:15816861]
4. Pi M, Faber P, Ekema G, Jackson PD, Ting A, Wang N, Fontilla-Poole M, Mays RW, Brunden KR, Harrington JJ et al.. (2005) Identification of a novel extracellular cation-sensing G-protein-coupled receptor. J Biol Chem, 280 (48): 40201-9. [PMID:16199532]
5. Pi M, Wu Y, Quarles LD. (2011) GPRC6A mediates responses to osteocalcin in β-cells in vitro and pancreas in vivo. J Bone Miner Res, 26 (7): 1680-3. [PMID:21425331]
6. Speca DJ, Lin DM, Sorensen PW, Isacoff EY, Ngai J, Dittman AH. (1999) Functional identification of a goldfish odorant receptor. Neuron, 23 (3): 487-98. [PMID:10433261]
7. Wellendorph P, Bräuner-Osborne H. (2004) Molecular cloning, expression, and sequence analysis of GPRC6A, a novel family C G-protein-coupled receptor. Gene, 335: 37-46. [PMID:15194188]
8. Wellendorph P, Burhenne N, Christiansen B, Walter B, Schmale H, Bräuner-Osborne H. (2007) The rat GPRC6A: cloning and characterization. Gene, 396 (2): 257-67. [PMID:17478059]
9. Wellendorph P, Hansen KB, Balsgaard A, Greenwood JR, Egebjerg J, Bräuner-Osborne H. (2005) Deorphanization of GPRC6A: a promiscuous L-alpha-amino acid receptor with preference for basic amino acids. Mol Pharmacol, 67 (3): 589-97. [PMID:15576628]