The IRAK family consists of four members, IRAK1, IRAK2, IRAK3 (also known as IRAK-M) and IRAK4. Only IRAK1 and IRAK4 have verified kinase activity [3]. Whilst IRAKs 1, 2 and 4 are ubiquitously expressed, IRAK3 expression is restricted to monocytes and macrophages. IRAKs are key components of the IL-1 receptor and Toll-like receptor signalling pathways of the innate immune response.

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