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Unless otherwise stated all data on this page refer to the human proteins. Gene information is provided for human (Hs), mouse (Mm) and rat (Rn).
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Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are rapidly-responding sensors of reductions in local oxygen tensions, prompting changes in gene transcription. Listed here are the 4-prolyl hydroxylase family, members of which have been identified to hydroxylate proline residues in HIF1α (HIF1A; Q16665) leading to an increased degradation through proteasomal hydrolysis. This action requires molecular oxygen and 2-oxoglutarate, and so reduced oxygen tensions prevents HIF1α hydroxylation, allowing its translocation to the nucleus and dimerisation with HIF1β (also known as ARNT; P27540), thereby allowing interaction with the genome as a transcription factor.
PHD1 (egl-9 family hypoxia inducible factor 2)
C
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PHD2 (egl-9 family hypoxia inducible factor 1)
C
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PHD3 (egl-9 family hypoxia inducible factor 3)
C
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Database page citation:
Prolyl hydroxylases. Accessed on 10/12/2023. IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY, http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/FamilyDisplayForward?familyId=900.
Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY citation:
Alexander SP, Fabbro D, Kelly E, Mathie A, Peters JA, Veale EL et al. (2021) THE CONCISE GUIDE TO PHARMACOLOGY 2021/22: Enzymes. Br J Pharmacol. 178 Suppl 1:S313-S411.