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Gene and Protein Information  |
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| class A G protein-coupled receptor | ||||||
| Species | TM | AA | Chromosomal Location | Gene Symbol | Gene Name | Reference |
| Human | 7 | 312 | 11p15.4 | MRGPRE | MAS related GPR family member E | |
| Mouse | 7 | 310 | 7 F5 | Mrgpre | MAS-related GPR, member E | |
| Rat | 7 | 309 | 1q42 | Mrgpre | MAS related GPR family member E | |
| Previous and Unofficial Names |
| GPR167 | MRGE | MAS-related gene E | MAS-related GPR |
| Database Links |
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| Specialist databases | |
| GPCRdb | mrgre_human (Hs), mrgre_mouse (Mm), mrgre_rat (Rn) |
| Other databases | |
| Alphafold | Q86SM8 (Hs), Q91ZB7 (Mm), Q7TN40 (Rn) |
| ChEMBL Target | CHEMBL4523882 (Hs) |
| Ensembl Gene | ENSG00000184350 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000048965 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000065330 (Rn) |
| Entrez Gene | 116534 (Hs), 244238 (Mm), 404660 (Rn) |
| Human Protein Atlas | ENSG00000184350 (Hs) |
| KEGG Gene | hsa:116534 (Hs), mmu:244238 (Mm), rno:404660 (Rn) |
| OMIM | 607232 (Hs) |
| Pharos | Q86SM8 (Hs) |
| RefSeq Nucleotide | NM_001039165 (Hs), NM_175534 (Mm), NM_001002288 (Rn) |
| RefSeq Protein | NP_001034254 (Hs), NP_780743 (Mm), NP_001002288 (Rn) |
| UniProtKB | Q86SM8 (Hs), Q91ZB7 (Mm), Q7TN40 (Rn) |
| Wikipedia | MRGPRE (Hs) |
| Tissue Distribution
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| Tissue Distribution Comments | ||||||||
| MRGPRE broadly expressed in the mouse brain and is not restricted to nociceptive neurons [9]. | ||||||||
| Functional Assays
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| Physiological Consequences of Altering Gene Expression
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| Gene Expression and Pathophysiology Comments | |
| MRGPRE expression significantly downregulated in the ileum of a mouse model of Schistosoma mansoni induced intestinal schistosomiasis [1]. |
| Biologically Significant Variants
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| General Comments |
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Rat MRGPRE is capable of forming a functional heterodimer with rat MRGPRD, restricting beta-alanine induced internalisation and reducing beta-alanine mediated [Ca2+] release at rMRGPRD [8]. Of the eight human Mas-related GPCRs (MRGs), four (MRGPRD, MRGPRE, MRGPRF and MRGPRG) have clear orthologues in rodents, whereas the cluster of genes including human MRGPRX1, MRGPRX2, MRGPRX3 and MRGPRX4 is found only in primates and is replaced in rodents with a family of genes (>25 in mice, ~10 in rats) which have no obvious human counterparts [4]. Certain rodent MRGs have been reported to respond to adenine [2] and to RF-amide peptides including neuropeptide FF [5-6] but the relevance of these findings to man is unclear. MRGs are expressed predominantly in small diameter sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglia, where there is emerging evidence that they may be mediators of histamine-independent itch [7,10]. |
1. Avula LR, Buckinx R, Alpaerts K, Costagliola A, Adriaensen D, Van Nassauw L, Timmermans JP. (2011) The effect of inflammation on the expression and distribution of the MAS-related gene receptors MrgE and MrgF in the murine ileum. Histochem Cell Biol, 136 (5): 569-85. [PMID:21912971]
2. Bender E, Buist A, Jurzak M, Langlois X, Baggerman G, Verhasselt P, Ercken M, Guo HQ, Wintmolders C, Van den Wyngaert I et al.. (2002) Characterization of an orphan G protein-coupled receptor localized in the dorsal root ganglia reveals adenine as a signaling molecule. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 99 (13): 8573-8. [PMID:12084918]
3. Cox PJ, Pitcher T, Trim SA, Bell CH, Qin W, Kinloch RA. (2008) The effect of deletion of the orphan G - protein coupled receptor (GPCR) gene MrgE on pain-like behaviours in mice. Mol Pain, 4: 2. [PMID:18197975]
4. Dong X, Han S, Zylka MJ, Simon MI, Anderson DJ. (2001) A diverse family of GPCRs expressed in specific subsets of nociceptive sensory neurons. Cell, 106 (5): 619-32. [PMID:11551509]
5. Han SK, Dong X, Hwang JI, Zylka MJ, Anderson DJ, Simon MI. (2002) Orphan G protein-coupled receptors MrgA1 and MrgC11 are distinctively activated by RF-amide-related peptides through the Galpha q/11 pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 99 (23): 14740-5. [PMID:12397184]
6. Lee MG, Dong X, Liu Q, Patel KN, Choi OH, Vonakis B, Undem BJ. (2008) Agonists of the MAS-related gene (Mrgs) orphan receptors as novel mediators of mast cell-sensory nerve interactions. J Immunol, 180 (4): 2251-5. [PMID:18250432]
7. Liu Q, Tang Z, Surdenikova L, Kim S, Patel KN, Kim A, Ru F, Guan Y, Weng HJ, Geng Y, Undem BJ, Kollarik M, Chen ZF, Anderson DJ, Dong X. (2009) Sensory neuron-specific GPCR Mrgprs are itch receptors mediating chloroquine-induced pruritus. Cell, 139 (7): 1353-65. [PMID:20004959]
8. Milasta S, Pediani J, Appelbe S, Trim S, Wyatt M, Cox P, Fidock M, Milligan G. (2006) Interactions between the Mas-related receptors MrgD and MrgE alter signalling and trafficking of MrgD. Mol Pharmacol, 69 (2): 479-91. [PMID:16282220]
9. Okubo S, Kurebayashi J, Otsuki T, Yamamoto Y, Tanaka K, Sonoo H. (2004) Additive antitumour effect of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib (Iressa, ZD1839) and the antioestrogen fulvestrant (Faslodex, ICI 182,780) in breast cancer cells. Br J Cancer, 90 (1): 236-44. [PMID:14710235]
10. Wilson SR, Gerhold KA, Bifolck-Fisher A, Liu Q, Patel KN, Dong X, Bautista DM. (2011) TRPA1 is required for histamine-independent, Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor-mediated itch. Nat Neurosci, 14 (5): 595-602. [PMID:21460831]
11. Zhang L, Taylor N, Xie Y, Ford R, Johnson J, Paulsen JE, Bates B. (2005) Cloning and expression of MRG receptors in macaque, mouse, and human. Brain Res Mol Brain Res, 133 (2): 187-97. [PMID:15710235]
