Top ▲

regulator of G-protein signaling 6

Click here for help

Target not currently curated in GtoImmuPdb

Target id: 2815

Nomenclature: regulator of G-protein signaling 6

Abbreviated Name: RGS6

Family: R7 family

Contents:

Gene and Protein Information Click here for help
Species TM AA Chromosomal Location Gene Symbol Gene Name Reference
Human - 472 14q24.2 RGS6 regulator of G protein signaling 6 32
Mouse - 472 12 38.14 cM Rgs6 regulator of G-protein signaling 6
Rat - 66 6q24 Rgs6 regulator of G-protein signaling 6
Previous and Unofficial Names Click here for help
RGS6Lalpha1
Database Links Click here for help
Alphafold P49758 (Hs), Q9Z2H2 (Mm), P49801 (Rn)
CATH/Gene3D 1.10.10.10, 1.10.196.10
Ensembl Gene ENSG00000182732 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000021219 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000008082 (Rn)
Entrez Gene 9628 (Hs), 50779 (Mm), 54295 (Rn)
Human Protein Atlas ENSG00000182732 (Hs)
KEGG Gene hsa:9628 (Hs), mmu:50779 (Mm), rno:54295 (Rn)
OMIM 603894 (Hs)
Pharos P49758 (Hs)
RefSeq Nucleotide NM_001204420 (Hs), NM_001204416 (Hs), NM_001204421 (Hs), NM_001204424 (Hs), NM_004296 (Hs), NM_001204417 (Hs), NM_001204418 (Hs), NM_001204419 (Hs), NM_001204422 (Hs), NM_001204423 (Hs), NM_015812 (Mm), NM_019342 (Rn)
RefSeq Protein NP_001191345 (Hs), NP_001191347 (Hs), NP_004287 (Hs), NP_001191350 (Hs), NP_001191352 (Hs), NP_001191349 (Hs), NP_001191353 (Hs), NP_001191351 (Hs), NP_001191348 (Hs), NP_001191346 (Hs), NP_056627 (Mm), NP_062215 (Rn)
UniProtKB P49758 (Hs), Q9Z2H2 (Mm), P49801 (Rn)
Wikipedia RGS6 (Hs)
Selected 3D Structures Click here for help
Image of receptor 3D structure from RCSB PDB
Description:  Structure of the regulator of G-protein signaling domain of RGS6.
PDB Id:  2ES0
Resolution:  2.1Å
Species:  Human
References:  35
Associated Proteins Click here for help
G Proteins
Name References
Gαi/0 36
Interacting Proteins
Name Effect References
Regulator of microtubule stability stathmin-2 (SCG10) Neuronal differentiation. 20
DNA methyltransferase 1 Interaction with DNMT1 inhibits DNA methyltransferase 1-associated protein 1 (DMAP1). 21
lysine acetyltransferase 5 Degradation of DNMT1 and promotes apoptosis. 14
Associated Protein Comments
RGS6 and RGS7 discriminate between the highly similar Gα i and Gα o proteins using a two-tiered specificity strategy [16].
Tissue Distribution Click here for help
Brain, heart, liver, colon, kidney, testis, skin and lung.
Species:  Human
Technique:  Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR.
References:  25,32
Brain, heart, liver and gastrointestinal tract.
Species:  Mouse
Technique:  Immunohistochemistry and Western blot.
References:  36-38
Brain, heart.
Species:  Rat
Technique:  Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR.
References:  12,20
Functional Assays Click here for help
Apoptosis assay (Caspase assay, Annexin V assay, and ROS generation etc.).
Species:  Human
Tissue:  Breast cancer.
Response measured:  Apoptosis.
References:  26
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Heart.
Response measured:  Apoptosis.
References:  36
Cyclic AMP assay.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Neuron.
Response measured:  Increase in cAMP.
References:  37
Functional Assay Comments
The RGScreenTM Service is a cell-free, high-throughput assay platform for interrogating RGS protein activity/function and which can facilitate screening for modulatory molecules [2,5].
Physiological Functions Click here for help
RGS6 variants are associated with dietary fat intake.
Species:  Human
Tissue:  Adipose tissue.
References:  34
Parasympathetic regulation of heart rate, doxorubicin mediated myocardial cell apoptosis and cardiomyopathy, promotes alcohol seeking behaviour.
Species:  Human
Tissue:  Heart.
References:  15,36,38-39
Promotes anxiety and depression, ensures co-ordination of motor movement, adult maintainance of dopaminergic neuron in the ventral substantia nigra.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Brain.
References:  4,25,37
Inhibition of cancer cell growth, colony formation and stimulation of apoptosis, ATM and p53 activation by a ROS dependent mechanism.
Species:  Human
Tissue:  Breast cancer.
References:  15,26
RGS6 variants are associated with a reduced risk of bladder cancer.
Species:  Human
Tissue:  Bladder cancer.
References:  3
RGS6 mediates effects of voluntary running on adult hippocampal neurogenesis.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Neurons.
References:  13
RGS6 is a novel and critical tumor suppressor in bladder that prevents bladder carcinogenesis in mice by activation of the anti-proliferative ATM/p53 and RASSF1A pathways and degradation of oncogenic DNMT1.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Blader tissue.
References:  40
In human colorectal cancer (CRC), RGS6 mRNA and protein expression are reduced and greater RGS6 loss is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. These results suggest RGS6 plays a tumor suppressor role in CRC.
Species:  Human
Tissue:  CRC tissue.
References:  22
RGS6 acts as a negative regulator of atrial M2R-IKACh signaling pathway and is critical for proper parasympathetic ventricular regulation. As such, mice lacking RGS6 display mild resting bradycardia, increased carbachol-induced heart rate and heart rate variability, as well as increased tendency toward arrhythmic episodes.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Heart.
References:  18
RGS6 protects against ventricular-ischemic injury by preventing phosphorylation activation of β2AR-GRK2 pro-death signaling mechanisms.
Species:  Human
Tissue:  Heart.
References:  30
RGS6 and CaMKII, through their cooperative modulation of downstream Notch signaling, act as critical regulators of mouse cardiac development. These results suggest that altered human embryonic RGS6 expression or CaMKII oxidation may result in congenital heart deficiencies.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Heart.
References:  6
RGS6 promotes alcohol-seeking/reward behaviors as well as alcohol-associated cardiac, hepatic, and gastrointestinal damage in mice through two mechanistically different signaling actions, G protein-dependent and -independent, respectively.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  In vivo.
References:  36
RGS6 exerts a GPCR-dependent influence on GIRK-dependent signaling in SAN cells, suppressing M2R-GIRK coupling efficiency and kinetics and A1R-GIRK signaling amplitude.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Sinoatrial nodal cells.
References:  1
Physiological Consequences of Altering Gene Expression Click here for help
Mice with RGS6 knockout display enhanced carbachol-induced bradycardia and muscarinic inhibition of spontaneous action potential firing rate of SA nodal cells, reduction in time course of IKAch activation and deactivation and extent of desensitization in atrial myocytes. RGS6 knockout ameliorates alcohol seeking and protects against alcohol induced cardiomyopathy and cell death in heart. RGS6-null mice have no gross abnormalities. They do however, have low blood pressure without change in heart rate, and decreased body weight compared to wild-type animals.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Haert.
Technique:  Gene knockout.
References:  29,36,38
RGS6 knockout (RGS-/-) mice exhibit altered gait and ataxia.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Brain (cerebellum).
Technique:  Gene knockout.
References:  25,33,36
RGS knockout (RGS-/-) mice exhibit neuronal loss and molecular features of degenerating ventral substantia nigra compacta (vSNc) neurons. These mice show selective unilateral degeneration of SNc and progressive degeneration and loss of midbrain dopaminergic (mDA) neurons.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Midbrain.
Technique:  Gene knockout.
References:  4
RGS6 knockout ameliorates alcoholic hepatic steatosis and apoptosis.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Liver.
Technique:  Gene knockout.
References:  36
RGS6 null mice exhibit a reduction in alcohol induced gastrointestinal apoptosis and endotoxemia.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Gastrointestinal mucosa.
Technique:  Gene knockout.
References:  36
RGS6 knockout regulates dopamine bioavailibility which contributes to alcohol seeking behaviour.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  VTA neurons.
Technique:  Gene knockout.
References:  36
RGS6 null mice exhibit resistance to doxorubicin induced growth and apoptosis in MEFs.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs).
Technique:  Gene knockout.
References:  26
RGS6 null mice exhibit defective retinal depolarizing bipolar cells.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Retinal bipolar cells.
Technique:  Gene knockout.
References:  33
RGS6 null mice develop spontaneous tumor upon 7,12-dimethylbenza[αα]anthracene (DMBA) treatment.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Mammary glands and cancerous cells developed therein.
Technique:  Gene knockout.
References:  24
Temporal-spatial expression analysis of 108 schizophrenia-associated loci revealed cortical enrichment throughout development. During this analysis, RGS6 was identified as one of nine genes overexpressed in the neocortex, thus providing a link between RGS6 expression and schizophrenia.
Species:  Human
Tissue:  Adult post-mortem human brain.
Technique:  GWAS
References:  28
RGS6-/- mice exhibit hyperactive D2 autoreceptors with reduced cAMP signaling in SNc dopamine neurons. Importantly, RGS6-/- mice recapitulate key sporadic Parkinson's hallmarks, including SNc dopamine neuron loss, reduced nigrostriatal dopamine, motor deficits, and α-synuclein accumulation.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  Brain.
Technique: 
References:  23
Xenobiotics Influencing Gene Expression Click here for help
Doxorubicin treatment upregulates RGS6 expression.
Species:  Mouse
Tissue:  MCF-7 (breast cancer cell line) xenograft.
Technique:  Western blot and immunohistochemistry.
References:  15
Xenobiotics Influencing Gene Expression Click here for help
RGS6 expression is downregulated in gemcitabine-resistant human cholangiocarcinoma cell lines, as determined by micoarray analysis [31].
Clinically-Relevant Mutations and Pathophysiology Click here for help
Disease:  Alcoholic liver disease
Description: Alcoholic liver disease encompasses the hepatic pathologies attributable to alcohol overconsumption. Such manifestations include fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and chronic hepatitis with liver fibrosis or cirrhosis.
Synonyms: alcoholic hepatosteatosis
Role:  In addition to its G protein modulatory function, RGS6 is reported to promote reactive oxygen species-dependent apoptosis which is associated with alcohol-mediated toxicity in the heart, liver, and gastrointestinal tract.
References:  36
Disease:  Anxiety
OMIM: 607834
Role:  RGS6 acts to promote anxiety and depression.
References:  37
Disease:  Breast cancer
Disease Ontology: DOID:1612
OMIM: 114480
Role:  Downregulation of RGS6 in human mammary ductal epithelial cells correlates with cellular transformation and progression to tumorigenesis.
References:  24,26
Disease:  Cardiovascular disease
Comments:  Doxorubicin and alcohol mediated cardiomyopathy.
References:  36,39
Disease:  Parkinson Disease
Synonyms: Parkinson's disease [Disease Ontology: DOID:14330]
Disease Ontology: DOID:14330
OMIM: 168600
Role:  RGS6 has a neuroprotective effect which is critical for survival and maintenance of the ventral substantia nigra compacta (vSNc) midbrain dopaminergic neurons that are most affected in Parkinson's disease.
References:  4
Biologically Significant Variants Click here for help
Type:  Naturally occurring SNPs
Species:  Human
Description:  It is reported that certain RGS6 SNPs may underlie a behavioural tendency toward fat-laden food intake.
SNP accession:  rs1402064, rs847330, rs847354, rs769148
References:  34
Type:  Splice variant
Species:  Human
Description:  Affects subcellular localization. This splice variant represents isoform 8, also known as RGS6Lbeta2(-GGL).
Amino acids:  430
Nucleotide accession:  NM_001204422
Protein accession:  NP_001191351
References:  7
Type:  Naturally occurring SNP
Species:  Human
Description:  The c.1369-1G>C variant identified in the acceptor splice site within intron 16 of RGS6 is associated with congenital cataract development.
References:  10
Type:  Splice variant
Species:  Human
Description:  Affects subcellular localization. This splice variant (isoform 3, also known as RGS6Lbeta1) results in a frame-shift creating a a distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1.
Amino acids:  485
Nucleotide accession:  NM_001204417
Protein accession:  NP_001191346
References:  8
Type:  Splice variant
Species:  Human
Description:  Affects subcellular localization. This splice variant (isoform 2, also known as RGS6Lalpha2) is missing an 18 amino acid segment compared to isoform 1.
Amino acids:  472
Nucleotide accession:  NM_004296
Protein accession:  NP_004287
References:  8
Type:  Splice variant
Species:  Human
Description:  Affects subcelllular localization. This splice variant (isoform 4, also known as RGS6Lbeta2) is shorter than isoform 1 and has a distinct C-terminus
Amino acids:  467
Nucleotide accession:  NM_001204418
Protein accession:  NP_001191347
References:  8
Type:  Splice variant
Species:  Human
Description:  Affects subcellular localization. This splice variant (isoform 5, also known as RGS6Lalpha1(-GGL)) is missing a missing a segment of the GGL domain, making it shorter than isoform 1.
Amino acids:  453
Nucleotide accession:  NM_001204419
Protein accession:  NP_001191348
References:  7
Type:  Splice variant
Species:  Human
Description:  Affects subcellular localization. This splice variant (isoform 6, also known as RGS6Lalpha2(-GGL)) is missing 2 internal protein segments, compared to isoform 1.
Amino acids:  435
Nucleotide accession:  NM_001204420
Protein accession:  NP_001191349
References:  7
Type:  Splice variant
Species:  Human
Description:  Affects subcellular localization. This splice variant (isoform 7, also known as RGS6Lbeta1(-GGL)) is shorter than isoform 1. and has a distinct C-terminus.
Amino acids:  448
Nucleotide accession:  NM_001204421
Protein accession:  NP_001191350
References:  7
Type:  Splice variant
Species:  Human
Description:  Affects subcellular localization. This splice variant represents isoform 9 which has a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
Amino acids:  437
Nucleotide accession:  NM_001204423
Protein accession:  NP_001191352
References:  7
Type:  Splice variant
Species:  Human
Description:  Subcellular distribution patterns ranging from an exclusive cytoplasmic to exclusive nuclear/nucleolar localization. The protein generated from these transcripts (isoform 1) is the longest isoform at 490 amino acids.
Amino acids:  490
Nucleotide accession:  NM_001204416, NM_001204424
Protein accession:  NP_001191345, NP_001191353
References:  8
Type:  Naturally occurring SNP
Species:  Human
Description:  A SNP in the 3' UTR of RGS6 modulates the risk of bladder cancer.
Nucleotide change:  C>T
SNP accession:  rs2074647
References:  3
Type:  Splice variant
Species:  Human
Description:  A RGS6 splice acceptor variant (c.13769-1G>C) is associated with the autosomal recessive familial inheritance of congenital cataracts (ARCC), associated with the mental retardation and microcephaly, in a Tunisian family.
Nucleotide change:  c.13769-1G>C
References:  11
Type:  Naturally occurring mutation
Species:  Human
Description:  A SNP in RGS6 (rs2239219) was linked to increased stress-associated obesity in a Korean population.
SNP accession:  rs2239219
References:  17
Type:  Splice variant
Species:  Human
Description:  ATRA-induced multi-drug resistance in acute leukemia may result from upregulation of the HA117 gene segment and subsequent alterations in RGS6 splicing. Specifically, HA117 may cause alternative removal of the GGL domain thus impairing RGS6-mediated DNMT1 degradation and promoting tumorigenesis.
References:  19
Biologically Significant Variant Comments
GWAS identified RGS6 as one of four novel genes associated with the dominant inheritance of alcohol dependent symptom counts (ADSC), thus providing a link between RGS6 and alcohol disorders in humans [9]. GWAS and eQTL analyses identified 17 SNPs that were significantly associated with low heart rate variability and cardiac morbidity. One of these SNPs (rs4899412), located in RGS6, is believed to increase RGS6 expression resulting in decrease GIRK-channel signaling and a subsequent reduction in heart rate variability [27].

References

Show »

1. Anderson A, Masuho I, Marron Fernandez de Velasco E, Nakano A, Birnbaumer L, Martemyanov KA, Wickman K. (2020) GPCR-dependent biasing of GIRK channel signaling dynamics by RGS6 in mouse sinoatrial nodal cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 117 (25): 14522-14531. [PMID:32513692]

2. BellBrook Labs. RGScreenTMService. Accessed on 25/08/2015. Modified on 25/08/2015. BellBrook Labs, http://www.bellbrooklabs.com/partnering-sidemenu-bio/partnering-sidemenu-bio-rgscreen

3. Berman DM, Wang Y, Liu Z, Dong Q, Burke LA, Liotta LA, Fisher R, Wu X. (2004) A functional polymorphism in RGS6 modulates the risk of bladder cancer. Cancer Res, 64 (18): 6820-6. [PMID:15375002]

4. Bifsha P, Yang J, Fisher RA, Drouin J. (2014) Rgs6 is required for adult maintenance of dopaminergic neurons in the ventral substantia nigra. PLoS Genet, 10 (12): e1004863. [PMID:25501001]

5. Bosch DE, Zielinski T, Lowery RG, Siderovski DP. (2012) Evaluating modulators of "Regulator of G-protein Signaling" (RGS) proteins. Curr Protoc Pharmacol, Chapter 2: Unit2.8. [PMID:22382998]

6. Chakravarti B, Yang J, Ahlers-Dannen KE, Luo Z, Flaherty HA, Meyerholz DK, Anderson ME, Fisher RA. (2017) Essentiality of Regulator of G Protein Signaling 6 and Oxidized Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II in Notch Signaling and Cardiovascular Development. J Am Heart Assoc, 6 (11). [PMID:29079565]

7. Chatterjee TK, Eapen A, Kanis AB, Fisher RA. (1997) Genomic organization, 5'-flanking region, and chromosomal localization of the human RGS3 gene. Genomics, 45 (2): 429-33. [PMID:9344672]

8. Chatterjee TK, Liu Z, Fisher RA. (2003) Human RGS6 gene structure, complex alternative splicing, and role of N terminus and G protein gamma-subunit-like (GGL) domain in subcellular localization of RGS6 splice variants. J Biol Chem, 278 (32): 30261-71. [PMID:12761221]

9. Chen G. (2017) A Genome-Wise Association Study of A Quantitative Alcoholism Trait Using A Full Genetic Model Identifies Significant SNP Heritability From Dominance And Epistatic Interactions. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 27: S363. DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.09.385

10. Chograni M, Alkuraya FS, Maazoul F, Lariani I, Chaabouni-Bouhamed H. (2015) RGS6: a novel gene associated with congenital cataract, mental retardation, and microcephaly in a Tunisian family. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 56 (2): 1261-6. [PMID:25525169]

11. Chograni M, Alkuraya FS, Ourteni I, Maazoul F, Lariani I, Chaabouni HB. (2015) Autosomal recessive congenital cataract, intellectual disability phenotype linked to STX3 in a consanguineous Tunisian family. Clin Genet, 88 (3): 283-7. [PMID:25358429]

12. Doupnik CA, Xu T, Shinaman JM. (2001) Profile of RGS expression in single rat atrial myocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1522 (2): 97-107. [PMID:11750060]

13. Gao Y, Shen M, Gonzalez JC, Dong Q, Kannan S, Hoang JT, Eisinger BE, Pandey J, Javadi S, Chang Q et al.. (2020) RGS6 Mediates Effects of Voluntary Running on Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis. Cell Rep, 32 (5): 107997. [PMID:32755589]

14. Huang J, Stewart A, Maity B, Hagen J, Fagan RL, Yang J, Quelle DE, Brenner C, Fisher RA. (2014) RGS6 suppresses Ras-induced cellular transformation by facilitating Tip60-mediated Dnmt1 degradation and promoting apoptosis. Oncogene, 33 (27): 3604-11. [PMID:23995786]

15. Huang J, Yang J, Maity B, Mayuzumi D, Fisher RA. (2011) Regulator of G protein signaling 6 mediates doxorubicin-induced ATM and p53 activation by a reactive oxygen species-dependent mechanism. Cancer Res, 71 (20): 6310-9. [PMID:21859827]

16. Israeli R, Asli A, Avital-Shacham M, Kosloff M. (2019) RGS6 and RGS7 Discriminate between the Highly Similar Gαi and Gαo Proteins Using a Two-Tiered Specificity Strategy. J Mol Biol, 431 (17): 3302-3311. [PMID:31153905]

17. Kim HJ, Min JY, Min KB. (2017) Interaction between the RGS6 gene and psychosocial stress on obesity-related traits. Endocr J, 64 (3): 357-362. [PMID:28090039]

18. Kulkarni K, Xie X, Marron Fernandez de Velasco E, Anderson A, Martemyanov KA, Wickman K, Tolkacheva EG. (2018) The influences of the M2R-GIRK4-RGS6 dependent parasympathetic pathway on electrophysiological properties of the mouse heart. PLoS ONE, 13 (4): e0193798. [PMID:29668674]

19. Li S, Jin X, Wu H, Wang Y, Li X, Guo Y, Liang S. (2017) HA117 endows HL60 cells with a stem-like signature by inhibiting the degradation of DNMT1 via its ability to down-regulate expression of the GGL domain of RGS6. PLoS ONE, 12 (6): e0180142. [PMID:28665981]

20. Liu Z, Chatterjee TK, Fisher RA. (2002) RGS6 interacts with SCG10 and promotes neuronal differentiation. Role of the G gamma subunit-like (GGL) domain of RGS6. J Biol Chem, 277 (40): 37832-9. [PMID:12140291]

21. Liu Z, Fisher RA. (2004) RGS6 interacts with DMAP1 and DNMT1 and inhibits DMAP1 transcriptional repressor activity. J Biol Chem, 279 (14): 14120-8. [PMID:14734556]

22. Luo Y, Qin SL, Yu MH, Mu YF, Wang ZS, Zhong M. (2015) Prognostic value of regulator of G-protein signaling 6 in colorectal cancer. Biomed Pharmacother, 76: 147-52. [PMID:26653562]

23. Luo Z, Ahlers-Dannen KE, Spicer MM, Yang J, Alberico S, Stevens HE, Narayanan NS, Fisher RA. (2019) Age-dependent nigral dopaminergic neurodegeneration and α-synuclein accumulation in RGS6-deficient mice. JCI Insight, 5 (13): e126769. [PMID:31120439]

24. Maity B, Stewart A, O'Malley Y, Askeland RW, Sugg SL, Fisher RA. (2013) Regulator of G protein signaling 6 is a novel suppressor of breast tumor initiation and progression. Carcinogenesis, 34 (8): 1747-55. [PMID:23598467]

25. Maity B, Stewart A, Yang J, Loo L, Sheff D, Shepherd AJ, Mohapatra DP, Fisher RA. (2012) Regulator of G protein signaling 6 (RGS6) protein ensures coordination of motor movement by modulating GABAB receptor signaling. J Biol Chem, 287 (7): 4972-81. [PMID:22179605]

26. Maity B, Yang J, Huang J, Askeland RW, Bera S, Fisher RA. (2011) Regulator of G protein signaling 6 (RGS6) induces apoptosis via a mitochondrial-dependent pathway not involving its GTPase-activating protein activity. J Biol Chem, 286 (2): 1409-19. [PMID:21041304]

27. Nolte IM, Munoz ML, Tragante V, Amare AT, Jansen R, Vaez A, von der Heyde B, Avery CL, Bis JC, Dierckx B et al.. (2017) Genetic loci associated with heart rate variability and their effects on cardiac disease risk. Nat Commun, 8: 15805. [PMID:28613276]

28. Ohi K, Shimada T, Nitta Y, Kihara H, Okubo H, Uehara T, Kawasaki Y. (2016) Specific gene expression patterns of 108 schizophrenia-associated loci in cortex. Schizophr Res, 174 (1-3): 35-38. [PMID:27061659]

29. Posokhova E, Wydeven N, Allen KL, Wickman K, Martemyanov KA. (2010) RGS6/Gβ5 complex accelerates IKACh gating kinetics in atrial myocytes and modulates parasympathetic regulation of heart rate. Circ Res, 107 (11): 1350-4. [PMID:20884879]

30. Rorabaugh BR, Chakravarti B, Mabe NW, Seeley SL, Bui AD, Yang J, Watts SW, Neubig RR, Fisher RA. (2017) Regulator of G Protein Signaling 6 Protects the Heart from Ischemic Injury. J Pharmacol Exp Ther, 360 (3): 409-416. [PMID:28035008]

31. Sato J, Kimura T, Saito T, Anazawa T, Kenjo A, Sato Y, Tsuchiya T, Gotoh M. (2011) Gene expression analysis for predicting gemcitabine resistance in human cholangiocarcinoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci, 18 (5): 700-11. [PMID:21451941]

32. Seki N, Hattori A, Hayashi A, Kozuma S, Hori T, Saito T. (1999) The human regulator of G-protein signaling protein 6 gene (RGS6) maps between markers WI-5202 and D14S277 on chromosome 14q24.3. J Hum Genet, 44 (2): 138-40. [PMID:10083744]

33. Shim H, Wang CT, Chen YL, Chau VQ, Fu KG, Yang J, McQuiston AR, Fisher RA, Chen CK. (2012) Defective retinal depolarizing bipolar cells in regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) 7 and 11 double null mice. J Biol Chem, 287 (18): 14873-9. [PMID:22371490]

34. Sibbel SP, Talbert ME, Bowden DW, Haffner SM, Taylor KD, Chen YD, Wagenknecht LE, Langefeld CD, Norris JM. (2011) RGS6 variants are associated with dietary fat intake in Hispanics: the IRAS Family Study. Obesity (Silver Spring), 19 (7): 1433-8. [PMID:21233807]

35. Soundararajan M, Willard FS, Kimple AJ, Turnbull AP, Ball LJ, Schoch GA, Gileadi C, Fedorov OY, Dowler EF, Higman VA et al.. (2008) Structural diversity in the RGS domain and its interaction with heterotrimeric G protein alpha-subunits. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 105 (17): 6457-62. [PMID:18434541]

36. Stewart A, Maity B, Anderegg SP, Allamargot C, Yang J, Fisher RA. (2015) Regulator of G protein signaling 6 is a critical mediator of both reward-related behavioral and pathological responses to alcohol. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 112 (7): E786-95. [PMID:25646431]

37. Stewart A, Maity B, Wunsch AM, Meng F, Wu Q, Wemmie JA, Fisher RA. (2014) Regulator of G-protein signaling 6 (RGS6) promotes anxiety and depression by attenuating serotonin-mediated activation of the 5-HT(1A) receptor-adenylyl cyclase axis. FASEB J, 28 (4): 1735-44. [PMID:24421401]

38. Yang J, Huang J, Maity B, Gao Z, Lorca RA, Gudmundsson H, Li J, Stewart A, Swaminathan PD, Ibeawuchi SR et al.. (2010) RGS6, a modulator of parasympathetic activation in heart. Circ Res, 107 (11): 1345-9. [PMID:20864673]

39. Yang J, Maity B, Huang J, Gao Z, Stewart A, Weiss RM, Anderson ME, Fisher RA. (2013) G-protein inactivator RGS6 mediates myocardial cell apoptosis and cardiomyopathy caused by doxorubicin. Cancer Res, 73 (6): 1662-7. [PMID:23338613]

40. Yang J, Platt LT, Maity B, Ahlers KE, Luo Z, Lin Z, Chakravarti B, Ibeawuchi SR, Askeland RW, Bondaruk J et al.. (2016) RGS6 is an essential tumor suppressor that prevents bladder carcinogenesis by promoting p53 activation and DNMT1 downregulation. Oncotarget, 7 (43): 69159-69172. [PMID:27713144]

Contributors

Show »

How to cite this page