Thyroid hormone receptor-α

Target not currently curated in GtoImmuPdb

Target id: 588

Nomenclature: Thyroid hormone receptor-α

Systematic Nomenclature: NR1A1

Family: 1A. Thyroid hormone receptors

Gene and Protein Information
Previous and Unofficial Names
Database Links
Selected 3D Structures
Natural/Endogenous Ligands
Rank order lists
Agonists
Antagonists
Immuno Process Associations
DNA Binding
Co-binding Partners
Main Co-regulators
Main Target Genes
Tissue Distribution
Functional Assays
Physiological Consequences of Altering Gene Expression
Phenotypes, Alleles and Disease Models
Clinically-Relevant Mutations and Pathophysiology
Biologically Significant Variants
References
Contributors
How to cite this page

Gene and Protein Information
Species	AA	Chromosomal Location	Gene Symbol	Gene Name	Reference
Human	490	17q21.1	THRA	thyroid hormone receptor alpha	20
Mouse	492	11 62.58 cM	Thra	thyroid hormone receptor alpha	31
Rat	492	10q31	Thra	thyroid hormone receptor alpha	22

Previous and Unofficial Names
AR7 \| EAR-7.1/EAR-7.2 \| ERBA \| EAR7 \| erbA1 \| THRA \| TRα \| NR1A1 \| c-erb-A thyroid hormone receptor \| c-erbA-1 \| nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group A member 1 \| c-erbAalpha \| Rvr \| T3R[a] \| thyroid hormone receptor, alpha

Previous and Unofficial Names

Database Links
Alphafold	P10827 (Hs), P63058 (Mm), P63059 (Rn)
CATH/Gene3D	3.30.50.10
ChEMBL Target	CHEMBL1860 (Hs), CHEMBL4823 (Rn)
DrugBank Target	P10827 (Hs)
Ensembl Gene	ENSG00000126351 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000058756 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000009066 (Rn)
Entrez Gene	7067 (Hs), 21833 (Mm), 81812 (Rn)
Human Protein Atlas	ENSG00000126351 (Hs)
KEGG Gene	hsa:7067 (Hs), mmu:21833 (Mm), rno:81812 (Rn)
OMIM	190120 (Hs)
Orphanet	ORPHA292134 (Hs)
Pharos	P10827 (Hs)
RefSeq Nucleotide	NM_003250 (Hs), NM_001190918 (Hs), NM_001190919 (Hs), NM_001011645 (Hs), NM_199334 (Hs), NM_178060 (Mm), NM_001017960 (Rn), NM_031134 (Rn)
RefSeq Protein	NP_001177847 (Hs), NP_955366 (Hs), NP_003241 (Hs), NP_835161 (Mm), NP_001017960 (Rn), NP_112396 (Rn)
SynPHARM	6263 (in complex with KB-141) 6262 (in complex with sobetirome) 6261 (in complex with tiratricol) 6258 (in complex with triiodothyronine) 6259 (in complex with T₄)
UniProtKB	P10827 (Hs), P63058 (Mm), P63059 (Rn)
Wikipedia	THRA (Hs)

Selected 3D Structures

Image of receptor 3D structure from RCSB PDB

Description:	Thyroid hormone receptor-α (Ligand Binding Domain) - cocrystallised with agonist
PDB Id:	3JZB
Ligand:	tiratricol
Resolution:	2.01Å
Species:	Human
References:	19

Natural/Endogenous Ligands
T₄
triiodothyronine
Comments: Triiodothyronine is the more potent endogenous ligand

Rank order of potency (Human)
triiodothyronine > T₄

Rank order of potency (Human)

triiodothyronine > T₄

Download all structure-activity data for this target as a CSV file go icon to follow link

Agonists

Key to terms and symbols

View all chemical structures

Click column headers to sort

Ligand		Sp.	Action	Value	Parameter	Reference
triiodothyronine		Hs	Agonist	10.0	pK_d	26
⤷	pK_d 10.0 [26]
sobetirome		Hs	Agonist	9.4	pK_d	27
⤷	pK_d 9.4 [27]
VK2809		Hs	Agonist	7.4	pK_i	1
⤷	pK_i 7.4 (K_i 3.52x10^-8 M) [1] Description: Binding affinity for human THRα
resmetirom		Hs	Agonist	5.4	pEC₅₀	15
⤷	pEC₅₀ 5.4 (EC₅₀ 3.74x10^-6 M) [15] Description: Determined in acell free coactivator recruitment assay
KB-141		Hs	Agonist	7.6	pIC₅₀	32
⤷	pIC₅₀ 7.6 [32]
T₄		Hs	Agonist	-	pIC₅₀	27
⤷	pIC₅₀ [27]
rT₃		Hs	Agonist	-	pIC₅₀	27
⤷	pIC₅₀ [27]
tiratricol		Hs	Agonist	-	pIC₅₀	27
⤷	pIC₅₀ [27]
dextrothyroxine		Hs	Agonist	-	-	2
⤷	[2]

Antagonists

Key to terms and symbols

View all chemical structures

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Ligand											Sp.	Action	Value	Parameter	Reference
NH-3											Hs	Antagonist	7.6	pK_d	26
⤷	pK_d 7.6 [26]

Antagonist Comments

NH-3 prevents co-activator recruitment without recruiting co-repressor and is marginally selective for TRα1 (approximately 5 times more selective).

Immuno Process Associations

Immuno Process:

Immune regulation

Immuno Process:

Immune system development

DNA Binding

Structure:	Monomer, Heterodimer, RXR partner
HRE core sequence:	AGGTCA
Response element:	DR4, Palindrome

Co-binding Partners
Name	Interaction	Effect	Reference
RXR	Physical, Functional	DNA binding	6

Main Co-regulators
Name	Activity	Specific	Ligand dependent	AF-2 dependent	Comments	References
NCOA3	Co-activator	No	No	No		4
NCOR2	Co-repressor	No	No	No		5
NCOA2	Co-activator	No	Yes	Yes		18
NCOA1	Co-activator	No	Yes	Yes		25
MED1	Co-activator	No	No	No		14
NCOR1	Co-repressor	No	No	No		13

Main Target Genes
Name	Species	Effect	Technique	Comments	References
Hairless	Mouse	Activated		Regulated only in brain. Encodes a corepressor.	28
Hcn2	Mouse	Activated			11
Gh	Mouse	None	Footprint, transient transfection		16

Tissue Distribution

Ubiquitous

Species:	Mouse
Technique:	In situ hybridisation
References:	12

Functional Assays

Cardiac response

Species:	Mouse
Tissue:	Heart
Response measured:	heart rate
References:	30

Physiological Consequences of Altering Gene Expression

Pleiotropic (usually viable and fertile)

Species:	Mouse
Tissue:
Technique:	Knockout
References:	7-10,17

Dwarfism, obesity

Species:	Mouse
Tissue:
Technique:	Knock-in mutation alteration of the AF2 domain
References:	17,29

Phenotypes, Alleles and Disease Models

Mouse data from MGI

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Allele	Composition & genetic background	Accession	Phenotype Id	Phenotype	Reference
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0001777	abnormal body temperature regulation	PMID: 12869545
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min\|Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ffla	Thra^tm1Ffla/Thra⁺,Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min/? involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2	MGI:2176062 MGI:98742	MP:0001777	abnormal body temperature regulation	PMID: 17622582
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0002896	abnormal bone mineralization	PMID: 16051666
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0003795	abnormal bone structure	PMID: 17327419
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0003795	abnormal bone structure	PMID: 16051666
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0000130	abnormal cancellous bone morphology	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0000130	abnormal cancellous bone morphology	PMID: 17327419
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0000130	abnormal cancellous bone morphology	PMID: 11731613
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0000130	abnormal cancellous bone morphology	PMID: 16051666
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac	MGI:98742	MP:0004039	abnormal cardiac cell glucose uptake	PMID: 15304375
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm3Ven	Thra^tm3Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6NCrl	MGI:98742	MP:0000872	abnormal cerebellum external granule cell layer morphology	PMID: 16131613
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min\|Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ffla	Thra^tm1Ffla/Thra⁺,Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min/? involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2	MGI:2176062 MGI:98742	MP:0000872	abnormal cerebellum external granule cell layer morphology	PMID: 17622582
Tg(CAG-cre/Esr1*)5Amc\|Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ffla	Tg(CAG-cre/Esr1)5Amc/?,Thra^tm1Ffla/Thra⁺ involves: 129/Sv C57BL/6 * CBA	MGI:2182765 MGI:98742	MP:0000849	abnormal cerebellum morphology	PMID: 17622582
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0009780	abnormal chondrocyte physiology	PMID: 17065405
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0004433	abnormal cochlear inner hair cell physiology	PMID: 11739587
Thra^tm1Ven	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0004399	abnormal cochlear outer hair cell morphology	PMID: 16803873
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0004434	abnormal cochlear outer hair cell physiology	PMID: 11739587
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0003796	abnormal cortical bone morphology	PMID: 11731613
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0003796	abnormal cortical bone morphology	PMID: 11731613
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0003796	abnormal cortical bone morphology	PMID: 16051666
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0002835	abnormal cranial suture morphology	PMID: 16051666
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0003866	abnormal defecation	PMID: 12869545
Thra^tm1Jas	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742	MP:0000479	abnormal enterocyte morphology	PMID: 11416151
Thra^tm3Jas	Thra^tm3Jas/Thra^tm3Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0008882	abnormal enterocyte physiology	PMID: 11416151
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0008882	abnormal enterocyte physiology	PMID: 11416151
Thra^tm1Jas	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742	MP:0008882	abnormal enterocyte physiology	PMID: 11416151
Thra^tm3Jas	Thra^tm3Jas/Thra^tm3Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0008883	abnormal enterocyte proliferation	PMID: 11416151
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0008883	abnormal enterocyte proliferation	PMID: 11416151
Thra^tm1Jas	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742	MP:0008883	abnormal enterocyte proliferation	PMID: 11416151
Thra^tm3Jas	Thra^tm3Jas/Thra^tm3Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0005584	abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity	PMID: 11416151
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0005584	abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity	PMID: 11416151
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0005584	abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity	PMID: 12869545
Thra^tm1Jas	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742	MP:0005584	abnormal enzyme/coenzyme activity	PMID: 11416151
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0000084	abnormal fontanelle morphology	PMID: 16051666
Tg(CAG-cre/Esr1*)5Amc\|Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ffla	Tg(CAG-cre/Esr1)5Amc/?,Thra^tm1Ffla/Thra⁺ involves: 129/Sv C57BL/6 * CBA	MGI:2182765 MGI:98742	MP:0001629	abnormal heart rate	PMID: 17622582
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm3Ven	Thra^tm3Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6NCrl	MGI:98742	MP:0000807	abnormal hippocampus morphology	PMID: 16131613
Thra^tm3Jas	Thra^tm3Jas/Thra^tm3Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0003449	abnormal intestinal goblet cells	PMID: 11416151
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0003449	abnormal intestinal goblet cells	PMID: 11416151
Thra^tm1Jas	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742	MP:0003449	abnormal intestinal goblet cells	PMID: 11416151
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0000511	abnormal intestinal mucosa morphology	PMID: 11416151
Thra^tm1Jas	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742	MP:0000511	abnormal intestinal mucosa morphology	PMID: 11416151
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm3Ven	Thra^tm3Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6NCrl	MGI:98742	MP:0003312	abnormal locomotor coordination	PMID: 16131613
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0006399	abnormal long bone epiphyseal ossification zone morphology	PMID: 16051666
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0003055	abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate morphology	PMID: 17327419
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0003055	abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate morphology	PMID: 16051666
Thra^tm1Jas\|Thrb^tm1Olc	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas,Thrb^tm1Olc/Thrb^tm1Olc involves: 129/Sv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0003055	abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate morphology	PMID: 9927422
Thra^tm1Jas	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742	MP:0003055	abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate morphology	PMID: 9927422
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0003662	abnormal long bone epiphyseal plate proliferative zone	PMID: 16051666
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm3Ven	Thra^tm3Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6NCrl	MGI:98742	MP:0001458	abnormal object recognition memory	PMID: 16131613
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0000042	abnormal organ of Corti	PMID: 11739587
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0001541	abnormal osteoclast physiology	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0001541	abnormal osteoclast physiology	PMID: 17327419
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0003825	abnormal pillar cell morphology	PMID: 11739587
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df B6.129-Thra Thrb	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0003965	abnormal pituitary hormone level	PMID: 17210747
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm3Ven	Thra^tm3Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6NCrl	MGI:98742	MP:0001731	abnormal postnatal growth	PMID: 12356724
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thra^tm3Ven	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm3Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6NCrl	MGI:98742	MP:0001731	abnormal postnatal growth	PMID: 12356724
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm3Ven\|Thrb⁺\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm3Ven/Thra⁺,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * C57BL/6NCrl	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0001731	abnormal postnatal growth	PMID: 12356724
Tg(CAG-cre/Esr1*)5Amc\|Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ffla	Tg(CAG-cre/Esr1)5Amc/?,Thra^tm1Ffla/Thra⁺ involves: 129/Sv C57BL/6 * CBA	MGI:2182765 MGI:98742	MP:0001731	abnormal postnatal growth	PMID: 17622582
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0001384	abnormal pup retrieval	PMID: 11731613
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min\|Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ffla	Thra^tm1Ffla/Thra⁺,Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min/? involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2	MGI:2176062 MGI:98742	MP:0008572	abnormal Purkinje cell dendrite morphology	PMID: 17622582
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0003638	abnormal response/metabolism to endogenous compounds	PMID: 17327419
Ncoa1^tm1Bwo\|Thra^tm2Jas	Ncoa1^tm1Bwo/Ncoa1^tm1Bwo,Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas B6.129-Thra Ncoa1	MGI:1276523 MGI:98742	MP:0003638	abnormal response/metabolism to endogenous compounds	PMID: 12576486
Thra^tm1Jas\|Thrb^tm1Olc	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas,Thrb^tm1Olc/Thrb^tm1Olc involves: 129/Sv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0002113	abnormal skeleton development	PMID: 9927422
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0008108	abnormal small intestinal villus morphology	PMID: 11416151
Thra^tm1Jas	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742	MP:0008108	abnormal small intestinal villus morphology	PMID: 11416151
Thra^tm1Jas\|Thrb^tm1Olc	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas,Thrb^tm1Olc/Thrb^tm1Olc involves: 129/Sv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0000496	abnormal small intestine morphology	PMID: 9927422
Thra^tm1Jas	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742	MP:0000496	abnormal small intestine morphology	PMID: 9927422
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df B6.129-Thra Thrb	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0002674	abnormal sperm motility	PMID: 17210747
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0003149	abnormal tectorial membrane morphology	PMID: 11739587
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0004696	abnormal thyroid follicle morphology	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm2Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0004696	abnormal thyroid follicle morphology	PMID: 11726557
Thra^tm1Jas\|Thrb^tm1Olc	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas,Thrb^tm1Olc/Thrb^tm1Olc involves: 129/Sv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0004696	abnormal thyroid follicle morphology	PMID: 9927422
Thra^tm1Jas	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742	MP:0004696	abnormal thyroid follicle morphology	PMID: 9927422
Thra^tm2Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0005468	abnormal thyroid hormone level	PMID: 11726557
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0002876	abnormal thyroid physiology	PMID: 11731613
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0002876	abnormal thyroid physiology	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0003971	abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone level	PMID: 11731613
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0003971	abnormal thyroid-stimulating hormone level	PMID: 11731613
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min\|Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ffla	Thra^tm1Ffla/Thra⁺,Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min/? involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2	MGI:2176062 MGI:98742	MP:0001393	ataxia	PMID: 17622582
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0003503	decreased activity of thyroid	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0003503	decreased activity of thyroid	PMID: 17327419
Thra^tm1Ven	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0003503	decreased activity of thyroid	PMID: 9430637
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0003503	decreased activity of thyroid	PMID: 11731613
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0003503	decreased activity of thyroid	PMID: 11734632
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0001258	decreased body length	PMID: 11734632
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0001265	decreased body size	PMID: 11739587
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0005534	decreased body temperature	PMID: 12869545
Thra^tm1Ven	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0005534	decreased body temperature	PMID: 9430637
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0001262	decreased body weight	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0001262	decreased body weight	PMID: 17327419
Thra^tm3Ven	Thra^tm3Ven/Thra^tm3Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6NCrl	MGI:98742	MP:0001262	decreased body weight	PMID: 12356724
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm3Ven	Thra^tm3Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6NCrl	MGI:98742	MP:0001262	decreased body weight	PMID: 12356724
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thra^tm3Ven	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm3Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6NCrl	MGI:98742	MP:0001262	decreased body weight	PMID: 12356724
Thra^tm2Ven\|Thra^tm3Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm3Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6NCrl	MGI:98742	MP:0001262	decreased body weight	PMID: 12356724
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm3Ven\|Thrb⁺\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm3Ven/Thra⁺,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * C57BL/6NCrl	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0001262	decreased body weight	PMID: 12356724
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm3Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm3Ven/Thra⁺,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * C57BL/6NCrl	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0001262	decreased body weight	PMID: 12356724
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df B6.129-Thra Thrb	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0001262	decreased body weight	PMID: 17210747
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0001262	decreased body weight	PMID: 11731613
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0001262	decreased body weight	PMID: 11734632
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac	MGI:98742	MP:0001262	decreased body weight	PMID: 15304375
Thra^tm1Jas\|Thrb^tm1Olc	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas,Thrb^tm1Olc/Thrb^tm1Olc involves: 129/Sv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0001262	decreased body weight	PMID: 9927422
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0010124	decreased bone mineral content	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0010121	decreased bone mineral density	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df B6.129-Thra Thrb	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0004765	decreased brainstem auditory evoked potential	PMID: 11739587
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra⁺,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df B6.129-Thra Thrb	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0004765	decreased brainstem auditory evoked potential	PMID: 11739587
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0004701	decreased circulating insulin-like growth factor I level	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0004701	decreased circulating insulin-like growth factor I level	PMID: 17327419
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0004701	decreased circulating insulin-like growth factor I level	PMID: 11731613
Ncoa1^tm1Bwo\|Thra^tm2Jas	Ncoa1^tm1Bwo/Ncoa1^tm1Bwo,Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas B6.129-Thra Ncoa1	MGI:1276523 MGI:98742	MP:0005119	decreased circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone level	PMID: 12576486
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0005478	decreased circulating thyroxine level	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0005478	decreased circulating thyroxine level	PMID: 11159823 17327419
Thra^tm2Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0005478	decreased circulating thyroxine level	PMID: 11726557
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0005478	decreased circulating thyroxine level	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm1Jas	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742	MP:0005478	decreased circulating thyroxine level	PMID: 11159823
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0005478	decreased circulating thyroxine level	PMID: 12576486
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0005479	decreased circulating triiodothyronine level	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm2Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0005479	decreased circulating triiodothyronine level	PMID: 11726557
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0005479	decreased circulating triiodothyronine level	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0004437	decreased cochlear outer hair cell electromotility	PMID: 11739587
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0000135	decreased cortical bone thickness	PMID: 17327419
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0003910	decreased eating behavior	PMID: 12869545
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0004411	decreased endocochlear potential	PMID: 11739587
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df B6.129-Thra Thrb	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0005130	decreased follicle stimulating hormone level	PMID: 17210747
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df B6.129-Thra Thrb	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0005136	decreased growth hormone level	PMID: 17210747
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0005333	decreased heart rate	PMID: 11159823
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0005333	decreased heart rate	PMID: 12869545
Thra^tm1Ven	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0005333	decreased heart rate	PMID: 9430637
Thra^tm1Jas	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742	MP:0005333	decreased heart rate	PMID: 11159823
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0001935	decreased litter size	PMID: 11734632
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df B6.129-Thra Thrb	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0005132	decreased luteinizing hormone level	PMID: 17210747
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac	MGI:98742	MP:0004876	decreased mean systemic arterial blood pressure	PMID: 15304375
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0004985	decreased osteoclast cell number	PMID: 17327419
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df B6.129-Thra Thrb	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0005138	decreased prolactin level	PMID: 17210747
Thra^tm1Jas\|Thrb^tm1Olc	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas,Thrb^tm1Olc/Thrb^tm1Olc involves: 129/Sv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0008142	decreased small intestinal villus size	PMID: 9927422
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min\|Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ffla	Thra^tm1Ffla/Thra⁺,Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min/? involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2	MGI:2176062 MGI:98742	MP:0004953	decreased spleen weight	PMID: 17622582
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df B6.129-Thra Thrb	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0004852	decreased testis weight	PMID: 17210747
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0003620	decreased urine output	PMID: 12869545
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0005598	decreased ventricle muscle contractility	PMID: 11159823
Thra^tm1Jas	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742	MP:0005598	decreased ventricle muscle contractility	PMID: 11159823
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0003409	decreased width of hypertrophic chondrocyte zone	PMID: 17327419
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0003409	decreased width of hypertrophic chondrocyte zone	PMID: 16051666
Tg(CAG-cre/Esr1*)5Amc\|Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ffla	Tg(CAG-cre/Esr1)5Amc/?,Thra^tm1Ffla/Thra⁺ involves: 129/Sv C57BL/6 * CBA	MGI:2182765 MGI:98742	MP:0000060	delayed bone ossification	PMID: 17622582
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0003419	delayed endochondral bone ossification	PMID: 17327419
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0003419	delayed endochondral bone ossification	PMID: 16051666
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min\|Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ffla	Thra^tm1Ffla/Thra⁺,Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min/? involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2	MGI:2176062 MGI:98742	MP:0003419	delayed endochondral bone ossification	PMID: 17622582
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min\|Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ffla	Thra^tm1Ffla/Thra⁺,Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min/? involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2	MGI:2176062 MGI:98742	MP:0001290	delayed eyelid opening	PMID: 17622582
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0000422	delayed hair appearance	PMID: 12869545
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0004664	delayed inner ear development	PMID: 11739587
Thra^tm1Jas\|Thrb^tm1Olc	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas,Thrb^tm1Olc/Thrb^tm1Olc involves: 129/Sv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0000478	delayed intestine development	PMID: 9927422
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0003420	delayed intramembranous bone ossification	PMID: 16051666
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0010743	delayed suture closure	PMID: 16051666
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min\|Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ffla	Thra^tm1Ffla/Thra⁺,Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min/? involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2	MGI:2176062 MGI:98742	MP:0002427	disproportionate dwarf	PMID: 17622582
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0004591	enlarged tectorial membrane	PMID: 11739587
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df B6.129-Thra Thrb	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0001926	female infertility	PMID: 11739587
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0001926	female infertility	PMID: 11739587
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min\|Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ffla	Thra^tm1Ffla/Thra⁺,Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min/? involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2	MGI:2176062 MGI:98742	MP:0001926	female infertility	PMID: 17622582
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0008033	impaired lipolysis	PMID: 12869545
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0003502	increased activity of thyroid	PMID: 11731613
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0003502	increased activity of thyroid	PMID: 11731613
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm3Ven	Thra^tm3Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6NCrl	MGI:98742	MP:0001363	increased anxiety-related response	PMID: 16131613
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0005533	increased body temperature	PMID: 11731613
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0005533	increased body temperature	PMID: 11731613
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0001260	increased body weight	PMID: 12869545
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0005605	increased bone mass	PMID: 17327419
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0009347	increased cancellous bone thickness	PMID: 17327419
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0005559	increased circulating glucose level	PMID: 12869545
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0002079	increased circulating insulin level	PMID: 12869545
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0005669	increased circulating leptin level	PMID: 12869545
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0005122	increased circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone level	PMID: 12869545
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0005122	increased circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone level	PMID: 11734632
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0005122	increased circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone level	PMID: 15601836
Thra^tm1Jas\|Thrb^tm1Olc	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas,Thrb^tm1Olc/Thrb^tm1Olc involves: 129/Sv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0005122	increased circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone level	PMID: 9927422
Ncoa1^tm1Bwo\|Thra^tm2Jas	Ncoa1^tm1Bwo/Ncoa1^tm1Bwo,Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas B6.129-Thra Ncoa1	MGI:1276523 MGI:98742	MP:0005122	increased circulating thyroid-stimulating hormone level	PMID: 12576486
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0005477	increased circulating thyroxine level	PMID: 12869545
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0005477	increased circulating thyroxine level	PMID: 15601836
Thra^tm1Jas\|Thrb^tm1Olc	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas,Thrb^tm1Olc/Thrb^tm1Olc involves: 129/Sv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0005477	increased circulating thyroxine level	PMID: 9927422
Ncoa1^tm1Bwo\|Thra^tm2Jas	Ncoa1^tm1Bwo/Ncoa1^tm1Bwo,Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas B6.129-Thra Ncoa1	MGI:1276523 MGI:98742	MP:0005477	increased circulating thyroxine level	PMID: 12576486
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0005480	increased circulating triiodothyronine level	PMID: 12869545
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0005480	increased circulating triiodothyronine level	PMID: 11734632
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0005480	increased circulating triiodothyronine level	PMID: 15601836
Ncoa1^tm1Bwo\|Thra^tm2Jas	Ncoa1^tm1Bwo/Ncoa1^tm1Bwo,Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas B6.129-Thra Ncoa1	MGI:1276523 MGI:98742	MP:0005480	increased circulating triiodothyronine level	PMID: 12576486
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0009288	increased epididymal fat pad weight	PMID: 12869545
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0002626	increased heart rate	PMID: 11731613
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0002626	increased heart rate	PMID: 11731613
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min\|Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ffla	Thra^tm1Ffla/Thra⁺,Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min/? involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2	MGI:2176062 MGI:98742	MP:0002626	increased heart rate	PMID: 17622582
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0006398	increased long bone epiphyseal plate size	PMID: 17327419
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0009766	increased sensitivity to xenobiotic induced morbidity/mortality	PMID: 11739587
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df B6.129-Thra Thrb	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0005135	increased thyroid-stimulating hormone level	PMID: 17210747
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0010024	increased total body fat amount	PMID: 11731613
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0010024	increased total body fat amount	PMID: 12869545
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0010024	increased total body fat amount	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm1Jas\|Thrb^tm1Olc	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas,Thrb^tm1Olc/Thrb^tm1Olc involves: 129/Sv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0005474	increased triiodothyronine level	PMID: 9927422
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0005331	insulin resistance	PMID: 12869545
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min\|Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ffla	Thra^tm1Ffla/Thra⁺,Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min/? involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2	MGI:2176062 MGI:98742	MP:0001636	irregular heartbeat	PMID: 17622582
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0001261	obese	PMID: 11731613
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0001261	obese	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0005422	osteosclerosis	PMID: 17327419
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0002081	perinatal lethality	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0001732	postnatal growth retardation	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0001732	postnatal growth retardation	PMID: 17327419
Thra^tm2Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0001732	postnatal growth retardation	PMID: 11726557
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm2Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c * C57BL/6J	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0001732	postnatal growth retardation	PMID: 11726557
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra⁺ involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0001732	postnatal growth retardation	PMID: 11731613
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0001732	postnatal growth retardation	PMID: 16051666
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min\|Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ffla	Thra^tm1Ffla/Thra⁺,Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min/? involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2	MGI:2176062 MGI:98742	MP:0001732	postnatal growth retardation	PMID: 17622582
Thra^tm1Jas\|Thrb^tm1Olc	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas,Thrb^tm1Olc/Thrb^tm1Olc involves: 129/Sv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0001732	postnatal growth retardation	PMID: 9927422
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Jas\|Thrb^tm1Olc	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra⁺,Thrb^tm1Olc/Thrb^tm1Olc involves: 129/Sv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0001732	postnatal growth retardation	PMID: 9927422
Thra^tm3Ven	Thra^tm3Ven/Thra^tm3Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * C57BL/6NCrl	MGI:98742	MP:0002082	postnatal lethality	PMID: 12356724
Thra^tm3Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm3Ven/Thra^tm3Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * C57BL/6NCrl	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0002082	postnatal lethality	PMID: 12356724
Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min\|Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Ffla	Thra^tm1Ffla/Thra⁺,Tg(Sycp1-cre)4Min/? involves: 129/Sv * C57BL/6 * DBA/2	MGI:2176062 MGI:98742	MP:0002082	postnatal lethality	PMID: 17622582
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0002083	premature death	PMID: 11734632
Thra^tm1Jas\|Thrb^tm1Olc	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas,Thrb^tm1Olc/Thrb^tm1Olc involves: 129/Sv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0002083	premature death	PMID: 9927422
Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra^tm1Brnt involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0002080	prenatal lethality	PMID: 12869545
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0009006	prolonged estrous cycle	PMID: 11731613
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0010392	prolonged QRS complex duration	PMID: 11159823
Thra^tm1Jas	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742	MP:0010392	prolonged QRS complex duration	PMID: 11159823
Thra^tm1Ven	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0003233	prolonged QT interval	PMID: 9430637
Thra^tm2Ven	Thra^tm2Ven/Thra^tm2Ven involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * BALB/c	MGI:98742	MP:0001923	reduced female fertility	PMID: 11731613
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0001923	reduced female fertility	PMID: 11734632
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Brnt	Thra^tm1Brnt/Thra⁺ involves: 129S4/SvJae * C57BL/6	MGI:98742	MP:0001921	reduced fertility	PMID: 12869545
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0001921	reduced fertility	PMID: 11734632
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0001922	reduced male fertility	PMID: 11734632
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0000547	short limbs	PMID: 17327419
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0000592	short tail	PMID: 17327419
Thra^tm2Jas	Thra^tm2Jas/Thra^tm2Jas involves: 129/Sv	MGI:98742	MP:0002764	short tibia	PMID: 17327419
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0002764	short tibia	PMID: 16051666
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac * C57BL/6J * NIH Black Swiss	MGI:98742	MP:0004359	short ulna	PMID: 16051666
Thra⁺\|Thra^tm1Syc	Thra^tm1Syc/Thra⁺ involves: 129S6/SvEvTac	MGI:98742	MP:0002188	small heart	PMID: 15304375
Thra^tm1Ven\|Thrb^tm1Df	Thra^tm1Ven/Thra^tm1Ven,Thrb^tm1Df/Thrb^tm1Df involves: 129P2/OlaHsd * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ * C57BL/6	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0005361	small pituitary gland	PMID: 15601836
Thra^tm1Jas\|Thrb^tm1Olc	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas,Thrb^tm1Olc/Thrb^tm1Olc involves: 129/Sv * 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742 MGI:98743	MP:0003498	thyroid gland hyperplasia	PMID: 9927422
Thra^tm1Jas	Thra^tm1Jas/Thra^tm1Jas involves: 129S1/Sv * 129X1/SvJ	MGI:98742	MP:0003499	thyroid hypoplasia	PMID: 9927422

Clinically-Relevant Mutations and Pathophysiology

Disease:

Hypothyroidism, congenital, nongoitrous, 6; CHNG6

Synonyms:	Congenital hypothyroidism [Disease Ontology: DOID:0050328] Peripheral resistance to thyroid hormones [Orphanet: ORPHA97927]
Disease Ontology:	DOID:0050328
OMIM:	614450
Orphanet:	ORPHA97927

Biologically Significant Variants

Type:	Splice variant
Species:	Human
Description:	Isoform TRα2 : Alternatively spliced carboxyl terminal. DNA binding but no T3 binding. Acts as antagonist
Amino acids:	490
Protein accession:	NP_003241
References:	21,24

Type:	Splice variant
Species:	Rat
Description:	Isoform TRα2: includes alternate 3'-terminal exon, distinct C-terminus and lacks affinity to TRα1 hormones
Amino acids:	492
Protein accession:	NP_112396

Type:	Splice variant
Species:	Mouse
Description:	TRα3 : The carboxy proximal 39 amino acids of the TH-alpha-2 specific sequences are deleted in TR-alpha-3. Binds to DNA but not T3. Reported only from cDNA library.
References:	3,23

Type:	Splice variant
Species:	Human
Description:	TR-δ-α1: N-terminal truncated form of TRα 1: lacksT3 binding, shows no DNA binding and antagonises T3/retinoic acid induced transactivation activity.
References:	3

Type:	Splice variant
Species:	Human
Description:	TR-δ-α2: N-terminal truncated form of TRα 2: lacksT3 binding, shows no DNA binding and antagonises T3/retinoic acid induced transactivation activity.
References:	3

References

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1. Boyer SH, Jiang H, Jacintho JD, Reddy MV, Li H, Li W, Godwin JL, Schulz WG, Cable EE, Hou J et al.. (2008) Synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of liver-selective phosphonic acid thyroid hormone receptor agonists and their prodrugs. J Med Chem, 51 (22): 7075-93. [PMID:18975928]

2. Brun LD, Gagné C, Coulombe P, Lupien PJ, Dussault JH, Moorjani S. (1980) Effects of dextrothyroxine on the pituitary-thyroid axis in hypercholesterolemic children and goitrous adults. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 51 (6): 1306-10. [PMID:6777394]

3. Chassande O, Fraichard A, Gauthier K, Flamant F, Legrand C, Savatier P, Laudet V, Samarut J. (1997) Identification of transcripts initiated from an internal promoter in the c-erbA alpha locus that encode inhibitors of retinoic acid receptor-alpha and triiodothyronine receptor activities. Mol Endocrinol, 11 (9): 1278-90. [PMID:9259319]

4. Chen H, Lin RJ, Schiltz RL, Chakravarti D, Nash A, Nagy L, Privalsky ML, Nakatani Y, Evans RM. (1997) Nuclear receptor coactivator ACTR is a novel histone acetyltransferase and forms a multimeric activation complex with P/CAF and CBP/p300. Cell, 90 (3): 569-80. [PMID:9267036]

5. Chen JD, Evans RM. (1995) A transcriptional co-repressor that interacts with nuclear hormone receptors. Nature, 377 (6548): 454-7. [PMID:7566127]

6. Desvergne B. (1994) How do thyroid hormone receptors bind to structurally diverse response elements?. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 100 (1-2): 125-31. [PMID:8056146]

7. Flamant F, Samarut J. (2003) Thyroid hormone receptors: lessons from knockout and knock-in mutant mice. Trends Endocrinol Metab, 14 (2): 85-90. [PMID:12591179]

8. Forrest D, Vennström B. (2000) Functions of thyroid hormone receptors in mice. Thyroid, 10 (1): 41-52. [PMID:10691312]

9. Fraichard A, Chassande O, Plateroti M, Roux JP, Trouillas J, Dehay C, Legrand C, Gauthier K, Kedinger M, Malaval L, Rousset B, Samarut J. (1997) The T3R alpha gene encoding a thyroid hormone receptor is essential for post-natal development and thyroid hormone production. EMBO J, 16 (14): 4412-20. [PMID:9250685]

10. Gauthier K, Chassande O, Plateroti M, Roux JP, Legrand C, Pain B, Rousset B, Weiss R, Trouillas J, Samarut J. (1999) Different functions for the thyroid hormone receptors TRalpha and TRbeta in the control of thyroid hormone production and post-natal development. EMBO J, 18 (3): 623-31. [PMID:9927422]

11. Gloss B, Sayen MR, Trost SU, Bluhm WF, Meyer M, Swanson EA, Usala SJ, Dillmann WH. (1999) Altered cardiac phenotype in transgenic mice carrying the delta337 threonine thyroid hormone receptor beta mutant derived from the S family. Endocrinology, 140 (2): 897-902. [PMID:9927321]

12. Gray PA, Fu H, Luo P, Zhao Q, Yu J, Ferrari A, Tenzen T, Yuk DI, Tsung EF, Cai Z, Alberta JA, Cheng LP, Liu Y, Stenman JM, Valerius MT, Billings N, Kim HA, Greenberg ME, McMahon AP, Rowitch DH, Stiles CD, Ma Q. (2004) Mouse brain organization revealed through direct genome-scale TF expression analysis. Science, 306 (5705): 2255-7. [PMID:15618518]

13. Hörlein AJ, Näär AM, Heinzel T, Torchia J, Gloss B, Kurokawa R, Ryan A, Kamei Y, Söderström M, Glass CK. (1995) Ligand-independent repression by the thyroid hormone receptor mediated by a nuclear receptor co-repressor. Nature, 377 (6548): 397-404. [PMID:7566114]

14. Ito M, Yuan CX, Okano HJ, Darnell RB, Roeder RG. (2000) Involvement of the TRAP220 component of the TRAP/SMCC coactivator complex in embryonic development and thyroid hormone action. Mol Cell, 5 (4): 683-93. [PMID:10882104]

15. Kelly MJ, Pietranico-Cole S, Larigan JD, Haynes NE, Reynolds CH, Scott N, Vermeulen J, Dvorozniak M, Conde-Knape K, Huang KS et al.. (2014) Discovery of 2-[3,5-dichloro-4-(5-isopropyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyridazin-3-yloxy)phenyl]-3,5-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro[1,2,4]triazine-6-carbonitrile (MGL-3196), a Highly Selective Thyroid Hormone Receptor β agonist in clinical trials for the treatment of dyslipidemia. J Med Chem, 57 (10): 3912-23. [PMID:24712661]

16. Lazar MA, Chin WW. (1990) Nuclear thyroid hormone receptors. J Clin Invest, 86 (6): 1777-82. [PMID:2254444]

17. Liu YY, Schultz JJ, Brent GA. (2003) A thyroid hormone receptor alpha gene mutation (P398H) is associated with visceral adiposity and impaired catecholamine-stimulated lipolysis in mice. J Biol Chem, 278 (40): 38913-20. [PMID:12869545]

18. Ma D, Tian H, Sun H, Kozikowski AP, Pshenichkin S, Wroblewski JT. (1997) Synthesis and biological acitivity of cyclic analogues of MPPG and MCPG as metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett, 7: 1195-1198.

19. Martínez L, Nascimento AS, Nunes FM, Phillips K, Aparicio R, Dias SM, Figueira AC, Lin JH, Nguyen P, Apriletti JW, Neves FA, Baxter JD, Webb P, Skaf MS, Polikarpov I. (2009) Gaining ligand selectivity in thyroid hormone receptors via entropy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,. [PMID:19926848]

20. Masuda M, Yasuhara S, Yamashita M, Shibuya M, Odaka T. (1990) Nucleotide sequence of the murine thyroid hormone receptor (alpha-1) cDNA. Nucleic Acids Res, 18 (10): 3055. [PMID:2349106]

21. Mitsuhashi T, Tennyson GE, Nikodem VM. (1988) Alternative splicing generates messages encoding rat c-erbA proteins that do not bind thyroid hormone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 85 (16): 5804-8. [PMID:2901090]

22. Murray MB, Zilz ND, McCreary NL, MacDonald MJ, Towle HC. (1988) Isolation and characterization of rat cDNA clones for two distinct thyroid hormone receptors. J Biol Chem, 263 (25): 12770-7. [PMID:2457590]

23. Nagaya T, Nomura Y, Fujieda M, Seo H. (1996) Heterodimerization preferences of thyroid hormone receptor alpha isoforms. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 226 (2): 426-30. [PMID:8806651]

24. Nakai A, Seino S, Sakurai A, Szilak I, Bell GI, DeGroot LJ. (1988) Characterization of a thyroid hormone receptor expressed in human kidney and other tissues. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 85 (8): 2781-5. [PMID:3357890]

25. Nevado J, Tenbaum SP, Aranda A. (2004) hSrb7, an essential human Mediator component, acts as a coactivator for the thyroid hormone receptor. Mol Cell Endocrinol, 222 (1-2): 41-51. [PMID:15249124]

26. Nguyen NH, Apriletti JW, Cunha Lima ST, Webb P, Baxter JD, Scanlan TS. (2002) Rational design and synthesis of a novel thyroid hormone antagonist that blocks coactivator recruitment. J Med Chem, 45 (15): 3310-20. [PMID:12109914]

27. Schueler PA, Schwartz HL, Strait KA, Mariash CN, Oppenheimer JH. (1990) Binding of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and its analogs to the in vitro translational products of c-erbA protooncogenes: differences in the affinity of the alpha- and beta-forms for the acetic acid analog and failure of the human testis and kidney alpha-2 products to bind T3. Mol Endocrinol, 4 (2): 227-34. [PMID:2158622]

28. Thompson CC. (1996) Thyroid hormone-responsive genes in developing cerebellum include a novel synaptotagmin and a hairless homolog. J Neurosci, 16 (24): 7832-40. [PMID:8987811]

29. Tinnikov A, Nordström K, Thorén P, Kindblom JM, Malin S, Rozell B, Adams M, Rajanayagam O, Pettersson S, Ohlsson C, Chatterjee K, Vennström B. (2002) Retardation of post-natal development caused by a negatively acting thyroid hormone receptor alpha1. EMBO J, 21 (19): 5079-87. [PMID:12356724]

30. Wikström L, Johansson C, Saltó C, Barlow C, Campos Barros A, Baas F, Forrest D, Thorén P, Vennström B. (1998) Abnormal heart rate and body temperature in mice lacking thyroid hormone receptor alpha 1. EMBO J, 17 (2): 455-61. [PMID:9430637]

31. Wood WM, Ocran KW, Gordon DF, Ridgway EC. (1991) Isolation and characterization of mouse complementary DNAs encoding alpha and beta thyroid hormone receptors from thyrotrope cells: the mouse pituitary-specific beta 2 isoform differs at the amino terminus from the corresponding species from rat pituitary tumor cells. Mol Endocrinol, 5 (8): 1049-61. [PMID:1944303]

32. Ye L, Li YL, Mellström K, Mellin C, Bladh LG, Koehler K, Garg N, Garcia Collazo AM, Litten C, Husman B, Persson K, Ljunggren J, Grover G, Sleph PG, George R, Malm J. (2003) Thyroid receptor ligands. 1. Agonist ligands selective for the thyroid receptor beta1. J Med Chem, 46 (9): 1580-8. [PMID:12699376]

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Thyroid hormone receptor-α

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