Janus kinase 2 | Janus kinase (JakA) family | IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY

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Janus kinase 2

target has curated data in GtoImmuPdb

Target id: 2048

Nomenclature: Janus kinase 2

Abbreviated Name: JAK2

Family: Janus kinase (JakA) family

Annotation status:  image of an orange circle Annotated and awaiting review. Please contact us if you can help with reviewing.  » Email us

Contents:

Gene and Protein Information
Species TM AA Chromosomal Location Gene Symbol Gene Name Reference
Human - 1132 9p24 JAK2 Janus kinase 2
Mouse - 1132 19 C1 Jak2 Janus kinase 2
Rat - 1132 1 q51-q53 Jak2 Janus kinase 2
Previous and Unofficial Names
JTK10
Database Links
BRENDA 2.7.10.2
CATH/Gene3D 3.30.505.10, 1.20.80.10
ChEMBL Target CHEMBL2971 (Hs), CHEMBL1649049 (Mm), CHEMBL1075225 (Rn)
DrugBank Target O60674 (Hs)
Ensembl Gene ENSG00000096968 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000024789 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000015547 (Rn)
Entrez Gene 3717 (Hs), 16452 (Mm), 24514 (Rn)
Human Protein Atlas ENSG00000096968 (Hs)
KEGG Enzyme 2.7.10.2
KEGG Gene hsa:3717 (Hs), mmu:16452 (Mm), rno:24514 (Rn)
OMIM 147796 (Hs)
Orphanet ORPHA122727 (Hs)
RefSeq Nucleotide NM_004972 (Hs), NM_001048177 (Mm), NM_031514 (Rn)
RefSeq Protein NP_004963 (Hs), NP_001041642 (Mm), NP_113702 (Rn)
SynPHARM 80886 (in complex with BMS-911543)
81944 (in complex with decernotinib)
85295 (in complex with decernotinib)
85292 (in complex with filgotinib)
80797 (in complex with filgotinib)
80436 (in complex with JAK inhibitor I)
85312 (in complex with JNJ-7706621)
85286 (in complex with PF-04965842)
85309 (in complex with PF-06263276)
85282 (in complex with tofacitinib)
UniProtKB O60674 (Hs), Q62120 (Mm), Q62689 (Rn)
Wikipedia JAK2 (Hs)
Selected 3D Structures
Image of receptor 3D structure from RCSB PDB
Description:  Structural basis of Jak2 inhibition by the type II inhibtor NVP-BBT594
PDB Id:  3UGC
Ligand:  NVP-BBT594
Resolution:  1.34Å
Species:  Human
References:  2
Image of receptor 3D structure from RCSB PDB
Description:  Discovery of 1-Methyl-1H-imidazole Derivatives as Potent Jak2 Inhibitors
PDB Id:  4C61
Ligand:  compound 19a [PMID: 24359159]
Resolution:  2.45Å
Species:  Human
References:  44
Image of receptor 3D structure from RCSB PDB
Description:  The structural basis of Janus Kinase 2 inhibition by a potent and specific pan-Janus kinase inhibitor (pyridone 6)
PDB Id:  2B7A
Ligand:  JAK inhibitor I
Resolution:  2.0Å
Species:  Human
References:  33
Image of receptor 3D structure from RCSB PDB
Description:  Crystal Structure of JAK2 in complex with compound 25
PDB Id:  6BBV
Ligand:  PF-04965842
Resolution:  1.8Å
Species:  Human
References:  49
Enzyme Reaction
EC Number: 2.7.10.2

Download all structure-activity data for this target as a CSV file

Inhibitors
Key to terms and symbols View all chemical structures Click column headers to sort
Ligand Sp. Action Value Parameter Reference
RG-1530 Hs Inhibition 7.5 pKd 47
⤷ pKd 7.5 (Kd 2.9x10-8 M) [47]
AZ960 Hs Inhibition 9.4 pKi 24
⤷ pKi 9.4 (Ki 4.5x10-10 M) [24]
delgocitinib Hs Inhibition 8.8 pKi 45
⤷ pKi 8.8 (Ki 1.7x10-9 M) [45]
Description: In an assay using the kinase domain of the recombinant human enzyme, a biotinylated peptide substrate, and [33P]ATP.
HG-10-102-01 Hs Inhibition <5.5 pKi 12
⤷ pKi <5.5 (Ki >3.2x10-6 M) [12]
ilginatinib Hs Inhibition 9.1 pIC50 36
⤷ pIC50 9.1 (IC50 7.2x10-10 M) [36]
JAK inhibitor I Hs Inhibition 9.0 pIC50 46
⤷ pIC50 9.0 (IC50 1x10-9 M) [46]
BMS-911543 Hs Inhibition 9.0 pIC50 39
⤷ pIC50 9.0 (IC50 1x10-9 M) [39]
compound 1d [PMID: 21493067] Hs Inhibition >9.0 pIC50 52
⤷ pIC50 >9.0 (IC50 <1x10-9 M) [52]
TPX-0005 Hs Inhibition 9.0 pIC50 17
⤷ pIC50 9.0 (IC50 1.04x10-9 M) [17]
AT-9283 Hs Inhibition 8.9 pIC50 27
⤷ pIC50 8.9 (IC50 1.2x10-9 M) [27]
ruxolitinib Hs Inhibition 8.1 – 9.6 pIC50 14,25,40
⤷ pIC50 8.6 – 9.6 (IC50 2.8x10-9 – 2.4x10-10 M) [25,40]
pIC50 8.1 (IC50 9x10-9 M) [14]
CEP-33779 Hs Inhibition 8.7 pIC50 18
⤷ pIC50 8.7 (IC50 1.8x10-9 M) [18]
XL019 Hs Inhibition 8.7 pIC50 20
⤷ pIC50 8.7 (IC50 2.2x10-9 M) [20]
fedratinib Hs Inhibition 8.5 pIC50 35,53
⤷ pIC50 8.5 (IC50 3x10-9 M) [35,53]
compound 19a [PMID: 24359159] Hs Inhibition >8.5 pIC50 44
⤷ pIC50 >8.5 (IC50 <3x10-9 M) [44]
JAK inhibitor 17b Hs Inhibition 8.4 pIC50 19
⤷ pIC50 8.4 (IC50 3.57x10-9 M) [19]
gandotinib Hs Inhibition 8.4 pIC50 34
⤷ pIC50 8.4 (IC50 4x10-9 M) [34]
peficitinib Hs Inhibition 8.3 pIC50 29
⤷ pIC50 8.3 (IC50 5x10-9 M) [29]
cerdulatinib Hs Inhibition 8.2 pIC50 15
⤷ pIC50 8.2 (IC50 6x10-9 M) [15]
baricitinib Hs Inhibition 8.1 – 8.2 pIC50 14,21
⤷ pIC50 8.2 (IC50 5.7x10-9 M) [21]
pIC50 8.1 (IC50 7x10-9 M) [14]
AZD1480 Hs Inhibition 8.1 pIC50 24
⤷ pIC50 8.1 (IC50 8x10-9 M) [24]
oclacitinib Hs Inhibition 7.8 pIC50 5
⤷ pIC50 7.8 (IC50 1.75x10-8 M) [5]
momelotinib Hs Inhibition 7.7 pIC50 37
⤷ pIC50 7.7 (IC50 1.8x10-8 M) [37]
pacritinib Hs Inhibition 7.6 pIC50 54
⤷ pIC50 7.6 (IC50 2.3x10-8 M) [54]
PF-06263276 Hs Inhibition 7.6 pIC50 31
⤷ pIC50 7.6 (IC50 2.31x10-8 M) [31]
JAK inhibitor 20a Hs Inhibition 7.5 pIC50 19
⤷ pIC50 7.5 (IC50 2.96x10-8 M) [19]
TG02 Hs Inhibition 7.1 – 7.7 pIC50 23,55
⤷ pIC50 7.1 – 7.7 (IC50 7.3x10-8 – 1.9x10-8 M) [23,55]
RGB-286638 Hs Inhibition 7.3 pIC50 13
⤷ pIC50 7.3 (IC50 5x10-8 M) [13]
ASN002 Hs Inhibition >7.3 pIC50 50
⤷ pIC50 >7.3 (IC50 <5x10-8 M) [50]
solcitinib Hs Inhibition 7.2 pIC50 9
⤷ pIC50 7.2 (IC50 6.7x10-8 M) [9]
tofacitinib Hs Inhibition 7.1 pIC50 14
⤷ pIC50 7.1 (IC50 7.7x10-8 M) [14]
Description: In a biochemical enzyme assay.
itacitinib Hs Inhibition <7.0 pIC50 28
⤷ pIC50 <7.0 (IC50 >1x10-7 M) [28]
JNJ-7706621 Hs Binding 7.0 pIC50 38
⤷ pIC50 7.0 (IC50 1.06x10-7 M) [38]
Description: Binding to the JH2 pseudo kinase domain of JAK2 was determined using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC).
upadacitinib Hs Inhibition 6.9 pIC50 51
⤷ pIC50 6.9 (IC50 1.2x10-7 M) [51]
decernotinib Hs Inhibition 6.2 – 7.6 pIC50 14
⤷ pIC50 7.6 (IC50 2.4x10-8 M) [14]
pIC50 6.2 (IC50 6.19x10-7 M) [14]
filgotinib Hs Inhibition 5.6 – 7.5 pIC50 14,48
⤷ pIC50 7.5 (IC50 2.8x10-8 M) [48]
pIC50 5.6 (IC50 2.4x10-6 M) [14]
PF-04965842 Hs Inhibition 6.1 pIC50 49
⤷ pIC50 6.1 (IC50 8.03x10-7 M) [49]
SAR-20347 Hs Inhibition 6.1 pIC50 57
⤷ pIC50 6.1 (IC50 8.82x10-7 M) [57]
Description: In a TR-FRET assay.
JAK3 inhibitor 32 Hs Inhibition 5.5 pIC50 10
⤷ pIC50 5.5 (IC50 3.012x10-6 M) [10]
JAK3 inhibitor 34 Hs Inhibition <5.2 pIC50 10
⤷ pIC50 <5.2 (IC50 >6.578x10-6 M) [10]
JAK3 inhibitor II Hs Inhibition <5.0 pIC50 11
⤷ pIC50 <5.0 (IC50 >1x10-5 M) [11]
GSK2646264 Hs Inhibition 5.0 pIC50 3
⤷ pIC50 5.0 (IC50 1x10-5 M) [3]
AC430 Hs Inhibition - - 26
⤷ [26]
Inhibitor Comments
Pacritinib inhibits JAK2V617F mutant with an IC50 of 19nM [54].
DiscoveRx KINOMEscan® screen
A screen of 72 inhibitors against 456 human kinases. Quantitative data were derived using DiscoveRx KINOMEscan® platform.
http://www.discoverx.com/services/drug-discovery-development-services/kinase-profiling/kinomescan
Reference: 16,56
Key to terms and symbols Click column headers to sort
Target used in screen: JAK2(JH1domain-catalytic)
Ligand Sp. Type Action Value Parameter
ruxolitinib Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 10.4 pKd
tofacitinib Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 9.2 pKd
fedratinib Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 9.0 pKd
tamatinib Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 8.5 pKd
lestaurtinib Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 8.4 pKd
staurosporine Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 8.0 pKd
JNJ-28312141 Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 8.0 pKd
PP-242 Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 8.0 pKd
NVP-TAE684 Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 7.8 pKd
KW-2449 Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 7.1 pKd
Displaying the top 10 most potent ligands  View all ligands in screen »
EMD Millipore KinaseProfilerTM screen/Reaction Biology Kinase HotspotSM screen
A screen profiling 158 kinase inhibitors (Calbiochem Protein Kinase Inhibitor Library I and II, catalogue numbers 539744 and 539745) for their inhibitory activity at 1µM and 10µM against 234 human recombinant kinases using the EMD Millipore KinaseProfilerTM service.

A screen profiling the inhibitory activity of 178 commercially available kinase inhibitors at 0.5µM against a panel of 300 recombinant protein kinases using the Reaction Biology Corporation Kinase HotspotSM platform.

http://www.millipore.com/techpublications/tech1/pf3036
http://www.reactionbiology.com/webapps/main/pages/kinase.aspx

Reference: 1,22
Key to terms and symbols Click column headers to sort
Target used in screen: JAK2/JAK2
Ligand Sp. Type Action % Activity remaining at 0.5µM % Activity remaining at 1µM % Activity remaining at 10µM
JAK inhibitor I Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 1.4 -1.0 1.0
staurosporine Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 1.9 0.0 -1.5
K-252a Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 3.0 2.0 -1.0
Cdk1/2 inhibitor III Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 3.2 2.0 0.0
Cdk2 inhibitor IV Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 4.2 3.0 -1.0
tofacitinib Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 5.1
Gö 6976 Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 5.6 4.0 3.0
IKK-2 inhibitor IV Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 7.2 4.0 0.0
midostaurin Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 8.9 7.0 2.0
SB 218078 Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 14.2 86.0 82.0
Displaying the top 10 most potent ligands  View all ligands in screen »
Immunopharmacology Comments
JAK2 signal transduction is a critical mediator of the immune response and is implicated in autoimmune conditions and in graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). The pro-inflammatory effects of IL-6, IL-12, and IL-23 on T cells are mediated via JAK2 [6,8,42], as is IL-12/IL-23-driven Th1 and Th17 differentiation [6,42,58]. JAK2 is an alternative intervention point that can be manipulated to reduce pathogenic Th1/Th17 responses.

Genetic deletion or pharmacologic inhibition of JAK2 (using pacritinib) concomittantly enhances beneficial Th2 and Treg differentiation and efficiently impairs alloreactive Th1 responses, a combined effect that results in reduced GvHD lethality and extends the graft-versus-leukemia effect [7]. This beneficial effect is also observed in solid organ transplant models. The ffficacy of combining pacritinib with standard immune suppression (sirolimus/tacrolimus) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is being evaluated in Phase 1/2 clinical trial NCT02891603.

CEP-33779, a selective JAK2 inhibitor has demonstrated efficacy in mouse models of rheumatoid arthritis [43] and colitis-induced colorectal cancer [41].
Immuno Process Associations
Immuno Process:  Inflammation
GO Annotations:  Associated to 4 GO processes
GO:0050727 regulation of inflammatory response IDA
GO:0060333 interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway TAS
GO:0060334 regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway TAS
click arrow to show/hide IEA associations
GO:0050729 positive regulation of inflammatory response IEA
Immuno Process:  Immune regulation
GO Annotations:  Associated to 4 GO processes
GO:0030218 erythrocyte differentiation ISS
GO:0050727 regulation of inflammatory response IDA
GO:0060334 regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway TAS
click arrow to show/hide IEA associations
GO:0050729 positive regulation of inflammatory response IEA
Immuno Process:  Immune system development
GO Annotations:  Associated to 1 GO processes
GO:0030218 erythrocyte differentiation ISS
Immuno Process:  Cytokine production & signalling
GO Annotations:  Associated to 13 GO processes
GO:0019221 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway IDA
GO:0032760 positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production ISS
GO:0033209 tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway IDA
GO:0034612 response to tumor necrosis factor IDA
GO:0035722 interleukin-12-mediated signaling pathway IDA
GO:0038155 interleukin-23-mediated signaling pathway TAS
GO:0060333 interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway TAS
GO:0060334 regulation of interferon-gamma-mediated signaling pathway TAS
GO:0070102 interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway TAS
GO:0070106 interleukin-27-mediated signaling pathway TAS
GO:0070671 response to interleukin-12 IDA
GO:0070757 interleukin-35-mediated signaling pathway TAS
click arrow to show/hide IEA associations
GO:0032731 positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production IEA
Immuno Process:  T cell (activation)
GO Annotations:  Associated to 1 GO processes, IEA only
click arrow to show/hide IEA associations
GO:0002250 adaptive immune response IEA
Immuno Process:  B cell (activation)
GO Annotations:  Associated to 1 GO processes, IEA only
click arrow to show/hide IEA associations
GO:0002250 adaptive immune response IEA
Immuno Disease Associations
Disease Name:  Myelofibrosis
Disease Synonyms:  no synonynms
Comment:  Somatic mutations in the JAK2 gene have been identified in many cases of myelofibrosis.
Disease X-refs:  Disease Ontology: DOID:4971
OMIM: 254450
Orphanet: ORPHA824
References:  4,32
Disease Name:  Polycythemia vera
Disease Synonyms:  no synonynms
Comment:  Most cases of PV are associated with a somatic mutation in the JAK2 gene. The JAK2 V617F mutation causes constitutive tyrosine phosphorylation activity which promotes phenotypic changes consistent with PV pathology.
Disease X-refs:  Disease Ontology: DOID:8997
OMIM: 263300
Orphanet: ORPHA729
References:  4,30,32
Clinically-Relevant Mutations and Pathophysiology
Disease:  Acute myeloid leukemia
Synonyms: Acute myelogenous leukemia
Disease Ontology: DOID:9119
OMIM: 601626
Orphanet: ORPHA519
Disease:  Budd-Chiari syndrome
OMIM: 600880
Orphanet: ORPHA131
Disease:  Familial thrombocytosis
Description: A rare chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) causing overproduction of platelets.
Synonyms: essential thrombocythaemia
hemorrhagic thrombocythemia
hereditary thrombocythemia
primary thrombocytosis
Disease Ontology: DOID:2224
Orphanet: ORPHA71493
Disease:  Myelofibrosis
Synonyms: Myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia [Orphanet: ORPHA824]
Disease Ontology: DOID:4971
OMIM: 254450
Orphanet: ORPHA824
Disease:  Polycythemia vera
Disease Ontology: DOID:8997
OMIM: 263300
Orphanet: ORPHA729
Disease:  Thrombocythemia 3; THCYT3
Synonyms: Essential thrombocythemia [Orphanet: ORPHA3318]
Essential thrombocytosis [Orphanet: ORPHA3318]
OMIM: 614521
Orphanet: ORPHA3318

References

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2. Andraos R, Qian Z, Bonenfant D, Rubert J, Vangrevelinghe E, Scheufler C, Marque F, Régnier CH, De Pover A, Ryckelynck H et al.. (2012) Modulation of activation-loop phosphorylation by JAK inhibitors is binding mode dependent. Cancer Discov, 2 (6): 512-23. [PMID:22684457]

3. Barker MD, Liddle J, Atkinson FL, Wilson DM, Dickson MC, Ramirez-Molina C, Lewis H, Davis RP, Somers DO, Neu M et al.. (2018) Discovery of potent and selective Spleen Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors for the topical treatment of inflammatory skin disease. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 28 (21): 3458-3462. [PMID:30249354]

4. Baxter EJ, Scott LM, Campbell PJ, East C, Fourouclas N, Swanton S, Vassiliou GS, Bench AJ, Boyd EM, Curtin N et al.. (2005) Acquired mutation of the tyrosine kinase JAK2 in human myeloproliferative disorders. Lancet, 365 (9464): 1054-61. [PMID:15781101]

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6. Betts BC, Abdel-Wahab O, Curran SA, St Angelo ET, Koppikar P, Heller G, Levine RL, Young JW. (2011) Janus kinase-2 inhibition induces durable tolerance to alloantigen by human dendritic cell-stimulated T cells yet preserves immunity to recall antigen. Blood, 118 (19): 5330-9. [PMID:21917753]

7. Betts BC, Bastian D, Iamsawat S, Nguyen H, Heinrichs JL, Wu Y, Daenthanasanmak A, Veerapathran A, O'Mahony A, Walton K et al.. (2018) Targeting JAK2 reduces GVHD and xenograft rejection through regulation of T cell differentiation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 115 (7): 1582-1587. [PMID:29382747]

8. Betts BC, Sagatys EM, Veerapathran A, Lloyd MC, Beato F, Lawrence HR, Yue B, Kim J, Sebti SM, Anasetti C et al.. (2015) CD4+ T cell STAT3 phosphorylation precedes acute GVHD, and subsequent Th17 tissue invasion correlates with GVHD severity and therapeutic response. J. Leukoc. Biol., 97 (4): 807-19. [PMID:25663681]

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10. Casimiro-Garcia A, Trujillo JI, Vajdos F, Juba B, Banker ME, Aulabaugh A, Balbo P, Bauman J, Chrencik J, Coe JW et al.. (2018) Identification of Cyanamide-Based Janus Kinase 3 (JAK3) Covalent Inhibitors. J. Med. Chem., 61 (23): 10665-10699. [PMID:30423248]

11. Changelian PS, Moshinsky D, Kuhn CF, Flanagan ME, Munchhof MJ, Harris TM, Whipple DA, Doty JL, Sun J, Kent CR et al.. (2008) The specificity of JAK3 kinase inhibitors. Blood, 111 (4): 2155-7. [PMID:18094329]

12. Chen H, Chan BK, Drummond J, Estrada AA, Gunzner-Toste J, Liu X, Liu Y, Moffat J, Shore D, Sweeney ZK et al.. (2012) Discovery of selective LRRK2 inhibitors guided by computational analysis and molecular modeling. J. Med. Chem., 55 (11): 5536-45. [PMID:22591441]

13. Cirstea D, Hideshima T, Santo L, Eda H, Mishima Y, Nemani N, Hu Y, Mimura N, Cottini F, Gorgun G et al.. (2013) Small-molecule multi-targeted kinase inhibitor RGB-286638 triggers P53-dependent and -independent anti-multiple myeloma activity through inhibition of transcriptional CDKs. Leukemia, 27 (12): 2366-75. [PMID:23807770]

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15. Coffey G, Betz A, DeGuzman F, Pak Y, Inagaki M, Baker DC, Hollenbach SJ, Pandey A, Sinha U. (2014) The novel kinase inhibitor PRT062070 (Cerdulatinib) demonstrates efficacy in models of autoimmunity and B-cell cancer. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 351 (3): 538-48. [PMID:25253883]

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17. Drilon A, Ou SI, Cho BC, Kim DW, Lee J, Lin JJ, Zhu VW, Ahn MJ, Camidge DR, Nguyen J et al.. (2018) Repotrectinib (TPX-0005) Is a Next-Generation ROS1/TRK/ALK Inhibitor That Potently Inhibits ROS1/TRK/ALK Solvent- Front Mutations. Cancer Discov, 8 (10): 1227-1236. [PMID:30093503]

18. Dugan BJ, Gingrich DE, Mesaros EF, Milkiewicz KL, Curry MA, Zulli AL, Dobrzanski P, Serdikoff C, Jan M, Angeles TS et al.. (2012) A selective, orally bioavailable 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-based inhibitor of Janus kinase 2 for use in anticancer therapy: discovery of CEP-33779. J. Med. Chem., 55 (11): 5243-54. [PMID:22594690]

19. Elsayed MSA, Nielsen JJ, Park S, Park J, Liu Q, Kim CH, Pommier Y, Agama K, Low PS, Cushman M. (2018) Application of Sequential Palladium Catalysis for the Discovery of Janus Kinase Inhibitors in the Benzo[ c]pyrrolo[2,3- h][1,6]naphthyridin-5-one (BPN) Series. J. Med. Chem., 61 (23): 10440-10462. [PMID:30460842]

20. Forsyth T, Kearney PC, Kim BG, Johnson HW, Aay N, Arcalas A, Brown DS, Chan V, Chen J, Du H et al.. (2012) SAR and in vivo evaluation of 4-aryl-2-aminoalkylpyrimidines as potent and selective Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) inhibitors. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 22 (24): 7653-8. [PMID:23127890]

21. Fridman JS, Scherle PA, Collins R, Burn TC, Li Y, Li J, Covington MB, Thomas B, Collier P, Favata MF et al.. (2010) Selective inhibition of JAK1 and JAK2 is efficacious in rodent models of arthritis: preclinical characterization of INCB028050. J. Immunol., 184 (9): 5298-307. [PMID:20363976]

22. Gao Y, Davies SP, Augustin M, Woodward A, Patel UA, Kovelman R, Harvey KJ. (2013) A broad activity screen in support of a chemogenomic map for kinase signalling research and drug discovery. Biochem. J., 451 (2): 313-28. [PMID:23398362]

23. Goh KC, Novotny-Diermayr V, Hart S, Ong LC, Loh YK, Cheong A, Tan YC, Hu C, Jayaraman R, William AD et al.. (2012) TG02, a novel oral multi-kinase inhibitor of CDKs, JAK2 and FLT3 with potent anti-leukemic properties. Leukemia, 26 (2): 236-43. [PMID:21860433]

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25. Hanan EJ, van Abbema A, Barrett K, Blair WS, Blaney J, Chang C, Eigenbrot C, Flynn S, Gibbons P, Hurley CA et al.. (2012) Discovery of potent and selective pyrazolopyrimidine janus kinase 2 inhibitors. J. Med. Chem., 55 (22): 10090-107. [PMID:23061660]

26. Holladay MW, Setti E. (2014) Optically active pyrazolylaminoquinazoline, and pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use thereof. Patent number: US8703943. Assignee: Ambit Biosciences Corporation. Priority date: 01/09/2010. Publication date: 22/04/2014.

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Janus kinase (JakA) family: Janus kinase 2. Last modified on 12/04/2019. Accessed on 16/07/2019. IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY, http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=2048.