Phosphorylation-type ATPases (EC 3.6.3.-) are associated with membranes and the transport of ions or phospholipids. Characteristics of the family are the transient phosphorylation of the transporters at an aspartate residue and the interconversion between E1 and E2 conformations in the activity cycle of the transporters, taken to represent ‘half-channels’ facing the cytoplasm and extracellular/luminal side of the membrane, respectively.

Sequence analysis across multiple species allows the definition of five subfamilies, P1-P5. The P1 subfamily includes heavy metal pumps, such as the copper ATPases. The P2 subfamily includes calcium, sodium/potassium and proton/potassium pumps. The P4 and P5 subfamilies include putative phospholipid flippases.

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* Key recommended reading is highlighted with an asterisk

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