insulin glargine   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 7572

Synonyms: HOE-901 | HOE901 | Lantus®
Approved drug
insulin glargine is an approved drug (FDA and EMA (2000))
Compound class: Peptide or derivative
Comment: Insulin glargine is a recombinant, modified analogue of human insulin. The chemical structure shown here was generated using the SMILES from PubChem CID 44146714.

A number of insulin glargine biosimilars have been approved internationally since the expiration of patents on Lantus® in 2014: a comprehensive list that is maintained by the Generics and Biosimilar Initiative (https://www.gabionline.net) is available here. The first fully interchangeable biosimilar to be FDA approved was Semglee® (insulin glargine-yfgn; Mylan Pharmaceuticals), in July 2021.
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View more information in the IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project: glargine

2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

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Canonical SMILES NCCCC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O)CCCNC(=N)N)CCCNC(=N)N)[C@H](O)C)NC(=O)[C@@H]1CCCN1C(=O)[C@H]([C@H](O)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccccc1)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H]1CSSC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@H](Cc2ccc(cc2)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc2ccc(cc2)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CO)NC(=O)[C@@H]2CSSC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@H](CC)C)NC(=O)CN)CCC(=O)O)CCC(=O)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N1)C(C)C)CC(C)C)Cc1ccc(cc1)O)CC(C)C)C)CCC(=O)O)C(C)C)CC(C)C)Cc1[nH]cnc1)CO)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1ccccc1)N)CC(=O)N)CCC(=O)N)Cc1[nH]cnc1)CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N2)[C@H](CC)C)CO)[C@H](O)C)C(=O)NCC(=O)O)CCC(=O)O)CCCNC(=N)N)Cc1ccccc1)Cc1ccc(cc1)O
Isomeric SMILES CC[C@H](C)[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@H]2CSSC[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H](CSSC[C@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC2=O)CO)CC(C)C)Cc2ccc(cc2)O)CCC(=O)N)CC(C)C)CCC(=O)O)CC(=O)N)Cc2ccc(cc2)O)C(=O)NCC(=O)O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(=O)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](Cc2ccccc2)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc2ccccc2)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc2ccc(cc2)O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N2CCC[C@H]2C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)O)C(C)C)CC(C)C)Cc2ccc(cc2)O)CC(C)C)C)CCC(=O)O)C(C)C)CC(C)C)Cc2cnc[nH]2)CO)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc2cnc[nH]2)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](Cc2ccccc2)N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N1)CO)[C@@H](C)O)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)[C@H](CCC(=O)O)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)NC(=O)CN
InChI Key COCFEDIXXNGUNL-RFKWWTKHSA-N
Peptide Sequence Click here for help
H-Phe-Val-Asn-Gln-His-Leu-Cys(1)-Gly-Ser-His-Leu-Val-Glu-Ala-Leu-Tyr-Leu-Val-Cys
(2)-Gly-Glu-Arg-Gly-Phe-Phe-Tyr-Thr-Pro-Lys-Thr-Arg-Arg-OH.H-Gly-Ile-Val-Glu-Gln
-Cys(3)-Cys(1)-Thr-Ser-Ile-Cys(3)-Ser-Leu-Tyr-Gln-Leu-Glu-Asn-Tyr-Cys(2)-Gly-OH
H-FVNQHLC(1)GSHLVEALYLVC(2)GERGFFYTPKTRR-OH.H-GIVEQC(3)C(1)TSIC(3)SLYQLENYC(2)G-OH
HELM Notation Click here for help
PEPTIDE1{F.V.N.Q.H.L.C.G.S.H.L.V.E.A.L.Y.L.V.C.G.E.R.G.F.F.Y.T.P.K.T.R.R}|PEPTIDE2{G.I.V.E.Q.C.C.T.S.I.C.S.L.Y.Q.L.E.N.Y.C.G}$PEPTIDE1,PEPTIDE2,7:R3-7:R3|PEPTIDE2,PEPTIDE2,6:R3-11:R3|PEPTIDE1,PEPTIDE2,19:R3-20:R3$$$
Chemical Modification
The A chain has peptide sequence GIVEQCCTSICSLYQLENYCG, where the C terminal glycine replaces the natural asparagine. The B chain has the sequence FVNQHLCGSHLVEALYLVCGERGFFYTPKTRR which has two additional C-terminal arginine residues compared to endogenous insulin. Disulphide bond formation is equivalent to that observed in the endogenous active hormone dimer.
Download 2D Structure Click here for help
Canonical SMILES Download
Isomeric SMILES Download

Molecular structure representations generated using Open Babel