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Gene and Protein Information  |
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| Species | TM | AA | Chromosomal Location | Gene Symbol | Gene Name | Reference |
| Human | 1 | 335 | 1q23.1 | CD1D | CD1d molecule | |
| Mouse | 1 | 336 | 3 F1; 3 37.91 cM | Cd1d1 | CD1d1 antigen | |
| Mouse | 1 | 336 | 3 F1; 3 37.88 cM | Cd1d2 | CD1d2 antigen | |
| Rat | 1 | 336 | 2q34 | Cd1d1 | CD1d1 molecule | |
| Gene and Protein Information Comments | ||||||
| Two mouse homologs for human CD1d have been identified, Cd1d1 (MGI:107674) and Cd1d2 (MGI:107675). These two mouse isoforms present different sets of self-antigen(s) in the mouse thymus, and thus have an impact on iNKT cell development in the mouse [11]. The 336 aa isoform 1 from mouse Cd1d2 encodes a functional protein in 129, NMRI, AKR/J, and other mouse strains, but not in C57BL/6 mice. | ||||||
| Database Links |
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| Alphafold | P15813 (Hs), P11609 (Mm), P11610 (Mm), Q63493 (Rn) |
| ChEMBL Target | CHEMBL1649053 (Hs), CHEMBL4523182 (Mm) |
| Ensembl Gene | ENSG00000158473 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000028076 (Mm), ENSMUSG00000041750 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000016451 (Rn) |
| Entrez Gene | 912 (Hs), 12479 (Mm), 12480 (Mm), 25109 (Rn) |
| Human Protein Atlas | ENSG00000158473 (Hs) |
| KEGG Gene | hsa:912 (Hs), mmu:12479 (Mm), mmu:12480 (Mm), rno:25109 (Rn) |
| OMIM | 188410 (Hs) |
| Pharos | P15813 (Hs) |
| RefSeq Nucleotide | NM_001766 (Hs), NM_007640 (Mm), NM_007639 (Mm), NM_017079 (Rn) |
| RefSeq Protein | NP_001757 (Hs), NP_031665 (Mm), NP_031666 (Mm), NP_058775 (Rn) |
| UniProtKB | P15813 (Hs), P11609 (Mm), P11610 (Mm), Q63493 (Rn) |
| Wikipedia | CD1D (Hs) |
| Other Binding Ligands | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key to terms and symbols | Click column headers to sort | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Immunopharmacology Comments |
| CD1d is a lipid-binding MHC class I-like protein that is expressed by dendritic cells. CD1d presents self and microbial lipid/glycolipid antigens to unconventional T cells known as invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells [2,13]. The iNKT cells are activated by interaction of the CD1d-glycolipid complex with the T cell receptor and an immune response is initiated. Synthetic glycolipid-like ligands that bind CD1d have been developed as immunomodulators and there has been some investigation of these as anti-cancer immunotherapy [1,5,7,13] (e.g. KRN7000 [4,6,10], although this agent has shown limited clinical efficacy for various reasons[8,14]). Activation of iNKT cells via CD1d may also be applicable for the treatment of autoimmune diseases [9,12]. |
| Immuno Process Associations | ||
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1. Banchet-Cadeddu A, Hénon E, Dauchez M, Renault JH, Monneaux F, Haudrechy A. (2011) The stimulating adventure of KRN 7000. Org Biomol Chem, 9 (9): 3080-104. [PMID:21394364]
2. Chen X, Wang X, Keaton JM, Reddington F, Illarionov PA, Besra GS, Gumperz JE. (2007) Distinct endosomal trafficking requirements for presentation of autoantigens and exogenous lipids by human CD1d molecules. J Immunol, 178 (10): 6181-90. [PMID:17475845]
3. Chennamadhavuni D, Saavedra-Avila NA, Carreño LJ, Guberman-Pfeffer MJ, Arora P, Yongqing T, Koay HF, Godfrey DI, Keshipeddy S, Richardson SK et al.. (2018) Dual Modifications of α-Galactosylceramide Synergize to Promote Activation of Human Invariant Natural Killer T Cells and Stimulate Anti-tumor Immunity. Cell Chem Biol, 25 (5): 571-584.e8. [PMID:29576533]
4. Giaccone G, Punt CJ, Ando Y, Ruijter R, Nishi N, Peters M, von Blomberg BM, Scheper RJ, van der Vliet HJ, van den Eertwegh AJ et al.. (2002) A phase I study of the natural killer T-cell ligand alpha-galactosylceramide (KRN7000) in patients with solid tumors. Clin Cancer Res, 8 (12): 3702-9. [PMID:12473579]
5. Godfrey DI, Le Nours J, Andrews DM, Uldrich AP, Rossjohn J. (2018) Unconventional T Cell Targets for Cancer Immunotherapy. Immunity, 48 (3): 453-473. [PMID:29562195]
6. Ishikawa A, Motohashi S, Ishikawa E, Fuchida H, Higashino K, Otsuji M, Iizasa T, Nakayama T, Taniguchi M, Fujisawa T. (2005) A phase I study of alpha-galactosylceramide (KRN7000)-pulsed dendritic cells in patients with advanced and recurrent non-small cell lung cancer. Clin Cancer Res, 11 (5): 1910-7. [PMID:15756017]
7. Krijgsman D, Hokland M, Kuppen PJK. (2018) The Role of Natural Killer T Cells in Cancer-A Phenotypical and Functional Approach. Front Immunol, 9: 367. [PMID:29535734]
8. Nair S, Dhodapkar MV. (2017) Natural Killer T Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol, 8: 1178. [PMID:29018445]
9. Podbielska M, O'Keeffe J, Hogan EL. (2018) Autoimmunity in multiple sclerosis: role of sphingolipids, invariant NKT cells and other immune elements in control of inflammation and neurodegeneration. J Neurol Sci, 385: 198-214. [PMID:29406905]
10. Schneiders FL, Scheper RJ, von Blomberg BM, Woltman AM, Janssen HL, van den Eertwegh AJ, Verheul HM, de Gruijl TD, van der Vliet HJ. (2011) Clinical experience with α-galactosylceramide (KRN7000) in patients with advanced cancer and chronic hepatitis B/C infection. Clin Immunol, 140 (2): 130-41. [PMID:21169066]
11. Sundararaj S, Zhang J, Krovi SH, Bedel R, Tuttle KD, Veerapen N, Besra GS, Khandokar Y, Praveena T, Le Nours J et al.. (2018) Differing roles of CD1d2 and CD1d1 proteins in type I natural killer T cell development and function. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 115 (6): E1204-E1213. [PMID:29351991]
12. Van Kaer L, Wu L. (2018) Therapeutic Potential of Invariant Natural Killer T Cells in Autoimmunity. Front Immunol, 9: 519. [PMID:29593743]
13. Wolf BJ, Choi JE, Exley MA. (2018) Novel Approaches to Exploiting Invariant NKT Cells in Cancer Immunotherapy. Front Immunol, 9: 384. [PMID:29559971]
14. Yu KO, Porcelli SA. (2005) The diverse functions of CD1d-restricted NKT cells and their potential for immunotherapy. Immunol Lett, 100 (1): 42-55. [PMID:16083968]
CD molecules: CD1d molecule. Last modified on 29/08/2018. Accessed on 04/10/2024. IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY, https://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=2997.
target has curated data in GtoImmuPdb
