Plasmodium falciparum plasmepsin V

Target not currently curated in GtoImmuPdb

Target has curated data in GtoMPdb

Target id: 3106

Nomenclature: Plasmodium falciparum plasmepsin V

Abbreviated Name: PfPMV

Systematic Nomenclature: Plasmodium falciparum plasmepsin V

Family: Peptidases and proteinases (Plasmodium spp.)

Gene and Protein Information
Species	TM	AA	Chromosomal Location	Gene Symbol	Gene Name	Reference
Plasmodium falciparum 3D7	-	590		PMV	plasmepsin V

Previous and Unofficial Names
PMV \| plasmepsin V \| PF13_0133

Database Links
ChEMBL Target	CHEMBL3559649 (Pf3D7)
PlasmoDB	PF3D7_1323500 (Pf3D7)
UniProtKB	Q8I6Z5 (Pf3D7)

Ligand										Sp.	Action	Value	Parameter	Reference
WEHI-842										Pf Plasmodium falciparum P. falciparum (Pf) is one of five protozoan parasite species of the genus Plasmodium that cause malaria in humans. Pf is responsible for the majority of malaria related deaths and is the most prevalent species in sub-Saharan Africa. ✖	Inhibition	9.7	pIC₅₀	4
⤷	pIC₅₀ 9.7 (IC₅₀ 2x10^-10 M) [4]

Whole Organism Assay Data Linked to This Target

Key to terms and symbols

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Ligand		Sp.	Assay description	Type	Action	Value	Parameter	Reference
WEHI-842		PfNF54 Plasmodium falciparum NF54 P. falciparum strain NF54 (PfNF54) was derived from a patient who had never left the Netherlands. PfNF54 can be obtained from the European Malaria Reagent Repository or the Malaria Research and Reference Reagent Resource Center (MR4) and is sensitive to a panel of antimalarial compounds including chloroquine and pyrimethamine. ✖	Parasite gametocyte assay	-	-	7.4	pEC₅₀	5
⤷	pEC₅₀ 7.4 (EC₅₀ 4x10^-8 M) Giemsa-stained blood film counts: no stage II-V gametocytes were observed [5] Lifecycle stages: Plasmodium sexual blood stage (gametocyte)
WEHI-842		Pf3D7 Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 P. falciparum strain 3D7 (Pf3D7) was derived from isolate NF54 by limiting dilution. The complete genome of Pf3D7 has been sequenced (GenBank: LN999946.1). Pf3D7 can be obtained from the European Malaria Reagent Repository or the Malaria Research and Reference Reagent Resource Center (MR4) and is sensitive to a panel of antimalarial compounds including chloroquine and pyrimethamine. ✖	Parasite growth inhibition assay	-	-	6.4	pEC₅₀	4
⤷	pEC₅₀ 6.4 (EC₅₀ 4x10^-7 M) [4] Lifecycle stages: Plasmodium asexual blood stage (erythrocytic merozoite, trophozoite, erythrocytic schizont)
WEHI-842		PfNF54 Plasmodium falciparum NF54 P. falciparum strain NF54 (PfNF54) was derived from a patient who had never left the Netherlands. PfNF54 can be obtained from the European Malaria Reagent Repository or the Malaria Research and Reference Reagent Resource Center (MR4) and is sensitive to a panel of antimalarial compounds including chloroquine and pyrimethamine. ✖	Standard membrane feeding assay (SMFA)	-	-	-	-	5
⤷	Oocyst count: WEHI-842 demonstrates a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on transmission fitness [5] Lifecycle stages: Plasmodium mosquito host stage (gametocyte, gamete, zygote, ookinete, oocyst, sporozoite)

Malaria Pharmacology Comments
The P. falciparum genome encodes 10 aspartic proteases, classed together as the plasmepsin family, which are involved in diverse cellular processes [3]. P. falciparum plasmepsin V (PfPMV) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localized enzyme involved in processing proteins for export into the host erythrocyte, which is key to parasite survival and immune evasion [7]. Most exported proteins contain a signal sequence for entry into the ER as well as the Plasmodium Export Element (PEXEL) motif [6,8]. PfPMV cleaves the PEXEL motif, revealing the export signal for subsequent trafficking to the host erythrocyte [1]. This enzyme is a promising target for the development of chemotherapeutic and transmission-blocking antimalarial therapies, with studies demonstrating an essential role during both the asexual blood stage [1-2,9] and gametocytogenesis [5].

Malaria Pharmacology Comments

The P. falciparum genome encodes 10 aspartic proteases, classed together as the plasmepsin family, which are involved in diverse cellular processes [3]. P. falciparum plasmepsin V (PfPMV) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localized enzyme involved in processing proteins for export into the host erythrocyte, which is key to parasite survival and immune evasion [7]. Most exported proteins contain a signal sequence for entry into the ER as well as the Plasmodium Export Element (PEXEL) motif [6,8]. PfPMV cleaves the PEXEL motif, revealing the export signal for subsequent trafficking to the host erythrocyte [1].
This enzyme is a promising target for the development of chemotherapeutic and transmission-blocking antimalarial therapies, with studies demonstrating an essential role during both the asexual blood stage [1-2,9] and gametocytogenesis [5].

References

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1. Boddey JA, Hodder AN, Günther S, Gilson PR, Patsiouras H, Kapp EA, Pearce JA, de Koning-Ward TF, Simpson RJ, Crabb BS et al.. (2010) An aspartyl protease directs malaria effector proteins to the host cell. Nature, 463 (7281): 627-31. [PMID:20130643]

2. Boonyalai N, Collins CR, Hackett F, Withers-Martinez C, Blackman MJ. (2018) Essentiality of Plasmodium falciparum plasmepsin V. PLoS ONE, 13 (12): e0207621. [PMID:30517136]

3. Coombs GH, Goldberg DE, Klemba M, Berry C, Kay J, Mottram JC. (2001) Aspartic proteases of Plasmodium falciparum and other parasitic protozoa as drug targets. Trends Parasitol, 17 (11): 532-7. [PMID:11872398]

4. Hodder AN, Sleebs BE, Czabotar PE, Gazdik M, Xu Y, O'Neill MT, Lopaticki S, Nebl T, Triglia T, Smith BJ et al.. (2015) Structural basis for plasmepsin V inhibition that blocks export of malaria proteins to human erythrocytes. Nat Struct Mol Biol, 22 (8): 590-6. [PMID:26214367]

5. Jennison C, Lucantoni L, O'Neill MT, McConville R, Erickson SM, Cowman AF, Sleebs BE, Avery VM, Boddey JA. (2019) Inhibition of Plasmepsin V Activity Blocks Plasmodium falciparum Gametocytogenesis and Transmission to Mosquitoes. Cell Rep, 29 (12): 3796-3806.e4. [PMID:31851913]

6. Maier AG, Cooke BM, Cowman AF, Tilley L. (2009) Malaria parasite proteins that remodel the host erythrocyte. Nat Rev Microbiol, 7 (5): 341-54. [PMID:19369950]

7. Maier AG, Rug M, O'Neill MT, Brown M, Chakravorty S, Szestak T, Chesson J, Wu Y, Hughes K, Coppel RL et al.. (2008) Exported proteins required for virulence and rigidity of Plasmodium falciparum-infected human erythrocytes. Cell, 134 (1): 48-61. [PMID:18614010]

8. Marti M, Good RT, Rug M, Knuepfer E, Cowman AF. (2004) Targeting malaria virulence and remodeling proteins to the host erythrocyte. Science, 306 (5703): 1930-3. [PMID:15591202]

9. Russo I, Babbitt S, Muralidharan V, Butler T, Oksman A, Goldberg DE. (2010) Plasmepsin V licenses Plasmodium proteins for export into the host erythrocyte. Nature, 463 (7281): 632-6. [PMID:20130644]

How to cite this page

Peptidases and proteinases (Plasmodium spp.): Plasmodium falciparum plasmepsin V. Last modified on 23/08/2021. Accessed on 19/10/2021. IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY, http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=3106.

Plasmodium falciparum plasmepsin V

Contents:

Plasmodium falciparum

Plasmodium falciparum NF54

Plasmodium falciparum 3D7

Plasmodium falciparum NF54

References

How to cite this page