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Target not currently curated in GtoImmuPdb
Target id: 618
Nomenclature: COUP-TF2
Systematic Nomenclature: NR2F2
Family: 2F. COUP-TF-like receptors
Gene and Protein Information  |
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| Species | AA | Chromosomal Location | Gene Symbol | Gene Name | Reference |
| Human | 414 | 15q26.2 | NR2F2 | nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group F member 2 | 15 |
| Mouse | 414 | 7 38.66 cM | Nr2f2 | nuclear receptor subfamily 2, group F, member 2 | 30 |
| Rat | 414 | 1q31 | Nr2f2 | nuclear receptor subfamily 2 | 25 |
| Previous and Unofficial Names |
| ARP1 | COUPβ | COUP-TFII | SVP40 | NF-E3 | apolipoprotein A-I regulatory protein 1 | Aporp1 | EAR3 | ovalbumin upstream promoter beta nuclear receptor | TFCOUP2 | nuclear receptor subfamily 2 |
| Database Links |
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| Alphafold | P24468 (Hs), P43135 (Mm), O09018 (Rn) |
| CATH/Gene3D | 3.30.50.10 |
| ChEMBL Target | CHEMBL1961790 (Hs) |
| Ensembl Gene | ENSG00000185551 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000030551 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000010308 (Rn) |
| Entrez Gene | 7026 (Hs), 11819 (Mm), 113984 (Rn) |
| Human Protein Atlas | ENSG00000185551 (Hs) |
| KEGG Gene | hsa:7026 (Hs), mmu:11819 (Mm), rno:113984 (Rn) |
| OMIM | 107773 (Hs) |
| Pharos | P24468 (Hs) |
| RefSeq Nucleotide | NM_001145155 (Hs), NM_009697 (Mm), NM_183261 (Mm), NM_080778 (Rn) |
| RefSeq Protein | NP_066285 (Hs), NP_033827 (Mm), NP_542956 (Rn) |
| UniProtKB | P24468 (Hs), P43135 (Mm), O09018 (Rn) |
| Wikipedia | NR2F2 (Hs) |
| Selected 3D Structures |
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| Natural/Endogenous Ligands |
| Comments: Orphan |
| DNA Binding |
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| DNA Binding Comments | |||||||
| Heterodimerization with RXR in solution is still a controversial issue. However, COUP-TFs readily form DNA-binding heterodimers with RXR. COUP-TFI is able to heterodimerize with COUP-TFII. Systematic comparison of the relative affinities of COUP-TFs for the various elements reveal that DR1 is the preferred element and then DR6, DR4, DR8, DR0 and DR11. Palindromic and inverted repeats are also recognised but with a lower affinity. In contrast, monomeric elements are not efficiently recognised by COUP-TFs. It has been demonstrated that COUP-TFs repress the hormonal induction of target genes by PPAR, VDR, TR, and RAR in transient transfection assays through direct competition with VDR, TR, and RAR for the available binding sites. | |||||||
| Co-binding Partners |
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| Name | Interaction | Effect | Reference |
| V-erbA-related gene | Physical | 2 | |
| Retinoic acid receptor-α | 20 | ||
| Thyroid hormone receptor-α | 20 | ||
| Retinoid X receptor-α | Physical | COUP-TFs are able to sequester the common heterodimerization partner RXR and reduce the available concentrations of RXR. The loss of RXR indirectly decreases the DNA-binding affinity of TR, VDR, RAR, and PPAR and thereby interferes with the potential of this subgroup of receptors to transactivate their target genes. | 4,11,42 |
| Hepatocyte nuclear factor-4-α | Physical, Functional | COUP-TF interact both functionally and physically with the NRs HNF4. COUP-TFs have been shown to inhibit the transactivation of HNF4 due to mutually exclusive binding to the promoter of many genes. In addition, COUP-TF activates transcription through protein-protein interaction with DNA-bound factor, such as with HNF-4 in the HNF-1a gene promoter. Similar mechanism are observed for other transcription factor (Sp1). | 13,32,38 |
| ZFPM2 | Physical, Functional | The carboxyl terminus of the COUP-TF proteins interacts with multiple FOG2 zinc finger and FOG-2 serves as a co-repressor for COUP-TFII. | 9 |
| SMAD4 | Physical, Functional | COUP-TFII interacts with SMAD4 to modulate TGF-β signaling mediating prostate tumorigenesis. | 29 |
| PROX1 | Physical, Functional | COUP-TFII physically interacts with Prox1 to specify lymphatic endothelial cell fate. | 19,35 |
| RUNX2 | Physical, Functional | COUP-TFII interacts with Runx2 to repress Runx2 transcriptional activity in mesenchymal cell. | 18,45 |
| Main Co-regulators |
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| Name | Activity | Specific | Ligand dependent | AF-2 dependent | Comments | References |
| NCOR1 | Co-repressor | No | No | No | 33 | |
| NCOR2 | Co-repressor | No | No | No | 33 | |
| BCL11A | Co-repressor | No | No | No | 1 | |
| BCL11B | Co-activator | No | No | Yes | 1 | |
| SQSTM1 | Co-activator | Yes | No | Yes | 25 | |
| ZFPM2 | Co-repressor | No | No | No | 9 | |
| Main Target Genes |
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| Name | Species | Effect | Technique | Comments | References |
| APOA1 | Human | Activated | Transient transfection, Other | COUP-TFs repressed the apolipoprotein A1 gene expression by interacting with RXR and HNF4. (shown in other species) | 7,15,43 |
| MHC Class I | Mouse | Repressed | Transient transfection, EMSA | COUP-TFs directly inhibits MHC Class I expression via interaction with the R2 promoter element and recruitment of the NCoR and HDACs. | 14,34,49 |
| CYP7A1 | Human | Activated | Transient transfection, EMSA, Other | COUP-TFII stimulates the transcriptional activity of the rat cholesterol 7a-hydroxylase (CYP7A) promoter by binding to the nucleotide sequence located between 74 and 54 (relative to the transcription start site), which contains a direct repeat of two hormone response element half-sites separated by 4 nucleotides. COUP-TFII also exerts a regulatory role of the CYP7A gene expression via its interaction with GR, HNF4 and RXR. | 3,5-6,10,36-37 |
| Arrestin | Human | Activated | Transient transfection, EMSA | In the arrestin gene promoter, a DR-7 element mediates the positive transcriptional effect of COUP-TF (seen in all species) | 23 |
| Angpt1 | Mouse | Activated | ChIP, Transient transfection | COUP-TFII stimulates the angiopoietin-1 gene expression in pericytes to promote neoangiogenesis. | 27 |
| NRP2 | Human | Activated | ChIP, Transient transfection | COUP-TFII positively regulates neuropilin-1 and neuropilin-2 expression through interaction with Sp1 transcriptional factor. Also seen in mouse. | 19,22,41 |
| Wnt10b | Mouse | Repressed | ChIP, Transient transfection | COUP-TFII exerts a negative regulatory role of the Wnt10b gene expression to control mesenchymal cell development. | 21,45 |
| KDR | Human | Repressed | ChIP, Transient transfection | In the VEGFR-2 gene promoter, a DR-2element mediates the negative transcriptional effect of COUP-TF. This is also seen in mouse. | 28 |
| Eya1 | Mouse | Activated | ChIP, Transient transfection | COUP-TFII directly regulates Eya1 expression by interacting with Sp1. | 48 |
| Main Target Genes Comments | |||||
| Recently, growing evidences suggest critical roles of COUP-TF transcriptional factors in driving stem/progenitor cell self-renewal, lineage specification, differentiation, and cell identity in diverse tissue types. First, COUP-TFs are part of the regulatory circuitry maintaining embryonic stem cell properties. COUP-TFs profoundly interact with key pluripotency factors including Oct4, microRNA-302 and ploycomb repressor complex 2 (PRC2) to control stem cell reprogramming and differentiation [8,16,31]. Given the universal expression of COUP-TFII in the mesenchymal compartment in multiple organs, it is not surprising to find that COUP-TFII is indispensable for appropriate mesoderm tissue formation. Inactivation of COUP-TFII in mesenchymal progenitors favors osteoblast and myoblast differentiation, while impairing adipogenic and chrogenic programs [18,21,45]. Additionally, COUP-TFII is required for metanephric mesenchyme development as ablation of COUP-TFII in kidney precursor cells results in the absence of metanephric mesenchyme and the misexpression of key nephrogenic factors, including Eya1, Pax2, Six2 and Gdnf [48]. Moreover, COUP-TFII also controls lymphatic cell identity. Loss of COUP-TFII at early stage disrupts the formation of lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) progenitors, and cause LEC identity switch as mutant LEC gain some features of blood endothelial cell [22]. Further studies demonstrate that COUP-TFII directly binds to a conserved site in the Prox1 regulatory region, and interaction between COUP-TFII and Prox1 is required to maintain Prox1 expression in LEC population [35]. Finally, COUP-TFII regulatory network specify atrial identity and cardiomyocyte-specific COUP-TFII deletion produces ventricularized atria by controlling the expression of atrial-ventricular identity genes such as Tbx5, Hey2, Irx4, MLC2v, MLC2a, and MLC1a [44]. | |||||
| Tissue Distribution Comments | |
| In the mouse COUP-TFII gene generate a transcript of 4.5 kb found in all tissues examined. COUP-TFII expression is similar to the one of COUP-TFI in the sense that it exhibit a complex expression pattern in the CNS and a broad expression in other tissues. The beginning of the expression at 7.5 dpc is identical to the one of COUP-TFI. A segmented expression in the diencephalic neuromeres was also found but the specific set of neuromeres in which COUP-TFII are different, although overlapping with COUP-TFI. In the hindbrain, the specific rhombomeres in which the genes are expressed are also distinct. In the neural tube the expression is restricted to the motorneurons.The levels of COUP-TFII expression are in general higher than the one of COUP-TFI especially in salivary gland, lung, oesophagus, stomach, pancreas, kidney, prostate. It is also found at lower levels in testes, ovary, retina, skin, inner ear or limb bud. The expression in the mesenchymal portion of places were mesenchyme-epithelial interactions occurs was also found. In the adult the expression is also higher to the one of COUP-TFI in supraoptic nucleus. COUP-TFII was shown to be regulated by all-trans retinoic acid in the neural tube. In addition a regulation of COUP-TFII by Sonic hedgehog has been found by Tsai group [15,24]. |
| Physiological Consequences of Altering Gene Expression
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| Physiological Consequences of Altering Gene Expression Comments | ||||||||||
| Homozygous mutants die around embryonic day 10 whereas two-third of heterozygous animals die during the first weeks of life. Examination of the homozygous embryos show that they are growth retarded with severe haemorrhage and oedema just before death. Histological analysis revealed enlarged blood vessels, lack of normal heart development and malformed cardinal veins. The vascular system exhibit a decrease in the complexity of the microvasculature in the head and spine regions suggesting that vasculogenesis (i.e. de novo formation of blood vessels from mesodermal precursor cells) and vascular remodelling (conversion of the primary capillaries of the plexus into large and small vessels of the mature vasculature) are defective in COUP-TFII mutants. These defects are consistent with a need of COUP-TFII function in the mesenchymal compartments of the head, spine and heart. Molecular analysis revealed that the Angiopoietine 1 gene which is important for the development of both the vascular system and the heart is down regulated in mutant animals. All these data suggest that COUP-TF is required for the signalling between the endothelial and mesenchymal compartments. Heterozygous mice have growth and reproductive defects. Reproductive defect is due to reduced expression of enzymes important for progesterone synthesis in the ovary and defective decidual response in the uterus. In addition, COUP-TFII conditional mutants have defect in migration of myoblast precursor cells to the limb resulting in hypoplastic muscle in the limbs. Furthermore, conditional mutants have defect in stomach development resulting in both anterior-posterior and radial axis defect. Using the same conditional mutants, it was found that COUP-TFII is important for diaphragm development. Thus animals develop a hole in the left side of diaphragm resulting in the protrusion of stomach content to the thorasic chamber. Finally, deletion of COUP-TFII in the endothelial cells resulting in the vein to acquire artery characteristics. Conversely, over expression of COUP-TFII in endothelial cells resulting in the fusion of vein and artery into a vein like vessel. Therefore, COUP-TFII is important in determine the vein vs. artery identity. | ||||||||||
| Phenotypes, Alleles and Disease Models
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Mouse data from MGI | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Clinically-Relevant Mutations and Pathophysiology
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| Clinically-Relevant Mutations and Pathophysiology Comments | ||||||||||||
| Some CDH patients were shown to have COUP-TFII deletion and conditional mouse mutants has CDH [46]. | ||||||||||||
1. Avram D, Fields A, Pretty On Top K, Nevrivy DJ, Ishmael JE, Leid M. (2000) Isolation of a novel family of C(2)H(2) zinc finger proteins implicated in transcriptional repression mediated by chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor (COUP-TF) orphan nuclear receptors. J Biol Chem, 275 (14): 10315-22. [PMID:10744719]
2. Avram D, Ishmael JE, Nevrivy DJ, Peterson VJ, Lee SH, Dowell P, Leid M. (1999) Heterodimeric interactions between chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor family members ARP1 and ear2. J Biol Chem, 274 (20): 14331-6. [PMID:10318855]
3. Chen J, Cooper AD, Levy-Wilson B. (1999) Hepatocyte nuclear factor 1 binds to and transactivates the human but not the rat CYP7A1 promoter. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 260 (3): 829-34. [PMID:10403849]
4. Cooney AJ, Tsai SY, O'Malley BW, Tsai MJ. (1992) Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor (COUP-TF) dimers bind to different GGTCA response elements, allowing COUP-TF to repress hormonal induction of the vitamin D3, thyroid hormone, and retinoic acid receptors. Mol Cell Biol, 12 (9): 4153-63. [PMID:1324415]
5. Crestani M, Sadeghpour A, Stroup D, Galli G, Chiang JY. (1998) Transcriptional activation of the cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase gene (CYP7A) by nuclear hormone receptors. J Lipid Res, 39 (11): 2192-200. [PMID:9799805]
6. De Martino MU, Alesci S, Chrousos GP, Kino T. (2004) Interaction of the glucocorticoid receptor and the chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II (COUP-TFII): implications for the actions of glucocorticoids on glucose, lipoprotein, and xenobiotic metabolism. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1024: 72-85. [PMID:15265774]
7. Ge R, Rhee M, Malik S, Karathanasis SK. (1994) Transcriptional repression of apolipoprotein AI gene expression by orphan receptor ARP-1. J Biol Chem, 269 (18): 13185-92. [PMID:8175747]
8. Hu S, Wilson KD, Ghosh Z, Han L, Wang Y, Lan F, Ransohoff KJ, Burridge P, Wu JC. (2013) MicroRNA-302 increases reprogramming efficiency via repression of NR2F2. Stem Cells, 31 (2): 259-68. [PMID:23136034]
9. Huggins GS, Bacani CJ, Boltax J, Aikawa R, Leiden JM. (2001) Friend of GATA 2 physically interacts with chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-TF2 (COUP-TF2) and COUP-TF3 and represses COUP-TF2-dependent activation of the atrial natriuretic factor promoter. J Biol Chem, 276 (30): 28029-36. [PMID:11382775]
10. Kang S, Spann NJ, Hui TY, Davis RA. (2003) ARP-1/COUP-TF II determines hepatoma phenotype by acting as both a transcriptional repressor of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein and an inducer of CYP7A1. J Biol Chem, 278 (33): 30478-86. [PMID:12777384]
11. Kliewer SA, Umesono K, Heyman RA, Mangelsdorf DJ, Dyck JA, Evans RM. (1992) Retinoid X receptor-COUP-TF interactions modulate retinoic acid signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 89 (4): 1448-52. [PMID:1311101]
12. Kruse SW, Suino-Powell K, Zhou XE, Kretschman JE, Reynolds R, Vonrhein C, Xu Y, Wang L, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ, Xu HE. (2008) Identification of COUP-TFII orphan nuclear receptor as a retinoic acid-activated receptor. PLoS Biol, 6 (9): e227. [PMID:18798693]
13. Ktistaki E, Talianidis I. (1997) Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factors act as auxiliary cofactors for hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 and enhance hepatic gene expression. Mol Cell Biol, 17 (5): 2790-7. [PMID:9111350]
14. Kushner DB, Pereira DS, Liu X, Graham FL, Ricciardi RP. (1996) The first exon of Ad12 E1A excluding the transactivation domain mediates differential binding of COUP-TF and NF-kappa B to the MHC class I enhancer in transformed cells. Oncogene, 12 (1): 143-51. [PMID:8552385]
15. Ladias JA, Karathanasis SK. (1991) Regulation of the apolipoprotein AI gene by ARP-1, a novel member of the steroid receptor superfamily. Science, 251 (4993): 561-5. [PMID:1899293]
16. Laursen KB, Mongan NP, Zhuang Y, Ng MM, Benoit YD, Gudas LJ. (2013) Polycomb recruitment attenuates retinoic acid-induced transcription of the bivalent NR2F1 gene. Nucleic Acids Res, 41 (13): 6430-43. [PMID:23666625]
17. Lee CT, Li L, Takamoto N, Martin JF, Demayo FJ, Tsai MJ, Tsai SY. (2004) The nuclear orphan receptor COUP-TFII is required for limb and skeletal muscle development. Mol Cell Biol, 24 (24): 10835-43. [PMID:15572686]
18. Lee KN, Jang WG, Kim EJ, Oh SH, Son HJ, Kim SH, Franceschi R, Zhang XK, Lee SE, Koh JT. (2012) Orphan nuclear receptor chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II (COUP-TFII) protein negatively regulates bone morphogenetic protein 2-induced osteoblast differentiation through suppressing runt-related gene 2 (Runx2) activity. J Biol Chem, 287 (23): 18888-99. [PMID:22493443]
19. Lee S, Kang J, Yoo J, Ganesan SK, Cook SC, Aguilar B, Ramu S, Lee J, Hong YK. (2009) Prox1 physically and functionally interacts with COUP-TFII to specify lymphatic endothelial cell fate. Blood, 113 (8): 1856-9. [PMID:18815287]
20. Leng X, Cooney AJ, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ. (1996) Molecular mechanisms of COUP-TF-mediated transcriptional repression: evidence for transrepression and active repression. Mol Cell Biol, 16 (5): 2332-40. [PMID:8628300]
21. Li L, Xie X, Qin J, Jeha GS, Saha PK, Yan J, Haueter CM, Chan L, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ. (2009) The nuclear orphan receptor COUP-TFII plays an essential role in adipogenesis, glucose homeostasis, and energy metabolism. Cell Metab, 9 (1): 77-87. [PMID:19117548]
22. Lin FJ, Chen X, Qin J, Hong YK, Tsai MJ, Tsai SY. (2010) Direct transcriptional regulation of neuropilin-2 by COUP-TFII modulates multiple steps in murine lymphatic vessel development. J Clin Invest, 120 (5): 1694-707. [PMID:20364082]
23. Lu XP, Salbert G, Pfahl M. (1994) An evolutionary conserved COUP-TF binding element in a neural-specific gene and COUP-TF expression patterns support a major role for COUP-TF in neural development. Mol Endocrinol, 8 (12): 1774-88. [PMID:7708064]
24. Lutz B, Kuratani S, Cooney AJ, Wawersik S, Tsai SY, Eichele G, Tsai MJ. (1994) Developmental regulation of the orphan receptor COUP-TF II gene in spinal motor neurons. Development, 120 (1): 25-36. [PMID:8119130]
25. Marcus SL, Winrow CJ, Capone JP, Rachubinski RA. (1996) A p56(lck) ligand serves as a coactivator of an orphan nuclear hormone receptor. J Biol Chem, 271 (44): 27197-200. [PMID:8910285]
26. Pereira FA, Qiu Y, Zhou G, Tsai MJ, Tsai SY. (1999) The orphan nuclear receptor COUP-TFII is required for angiogenesis and heart development. Genes Dev, 13 (8): 1037-49. [PMID:10215630]
27. Qin J, Chen X, Xie X, Tsai MJ, Tsai SY. (2010) COUP-TFII regulates tumor growth and metastasis by modulating tumor angiogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 107 (8): 3687-92. [PMID:20133706]
28. Qin J, Chen X, Yu-Lee LY, Tsai MJ, Tsai SY. (2010) Nuclear receptor COUP-TFII controls pancreatic islet tumor angiogenesis by regulating vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 signaling. Cancer Res, 70 (21): 8812-21. [PMID:20978203]
29. Qin J, Wu SP, Creighton CJ, Dai F, Xie X, Cheng CM, Frolov A, Ayala G, Lin X, Feng XH et al.. (2013) COUP-TFII inhibits TGF-β-induced growth barrier to promote prostate tumorigenesis. Nature, 493 (7431): 236-40. [PMID:23201680]
30. Qiu Y, Cooney AJ, Kuratani S, DeMayo FJ, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ. (1994) Spatiotemporal expression patterns of chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factors in the developing mouse central nervous system: evidence for a role in segmental patterning of the diencephalon. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 91 (10): 4451-5. [PMID:8183930]
31. Rosa A, Brivanlou AH. (2011) A regulatory circuitry comprised of miR-302 and the transcription factors OCT4 and NR2F2 regulates human embryonic stem cell differentiation. EMBO J, 30 (2): 237-48. [PMID:21151097]
32. Schaeffer E, Guillou F, Part D, Zakin MM. (1993) A different combination of transcription factors modulates the expression of the human transferrin promoter in liver and Sertoli cells. J Biol Chem, 268 (31): 23399-408. [PMID:8226864]
33. Shibata H, Nawaz Z, Tsai SY, O'Malley BW, Tsai MJ. (1997) Gene silencing by chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor I (COUP-TFI) is mediated by transcriptional corepressors, nuclear receptor-corepressor (N-CoR) and silencing mediator for retinoic acid receptor and thyroid hormone receptor (SMRT). Mol Endocrinol, 11 (6): 714-24. [PMID:9171235]
34. Smirnov DA, Hou S, Liu X, Claudio E, Siebenlist UK, Ricciardi RP. (2001) Coup-TFII is up-regulated in adenovirus type 12 tumorigenic cells and is a repressor of MHC class I transcription. Virology, 284 (1): 13-9. [PMID:11352663]
35. Srinivasan RS, Geng X, Yang Y, Wang Y, Mukatira S, Studer M, Porto MP, Lagutin O, Oliver G. (2010) The nuclear hormone receptor Coup-TFII is required for the initiation and early maintenance of Prox1 expression in lymphatic endothelial cells. Genes Dev, 24 (7): 696-707. [PMID:20360386]
36. Stroup D, Chiang JY. (2000) HNF4 and COUP-TFII interact to modulate transcription of the cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase gene (CYP7A1). J Lipid Res, 41 (1): 1-11. [PMID:10627496]
37. Stroup D, Crestani M, Chiang JY. (1997) Orphan receptors chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor II (COUP-TFII) and retinoid X receptor (RXR) activate and bind the rat cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase gene (CYP7A). J Biol Chem, 272 (15): 9833-9. [PMID:9092518]
38. Sugiyama T, Wang JC, Scott DK, Granner DK. (2000) Transcription activation by the orphan nuclear receptor, chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor I (COUP-TFI). Definition of the domain involved in the glucocorticoid response of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene. J Biol Chem, 275 (5): 3446-54. [PMID:10652338]
39. Takamoto N, Kurihara I, Lee K, Demayo FJ, Tsai MJ, Tsai SY. (2005) Haploinsufficiency of chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter transcription factor II in female reproduction. Mol Endocrinol, 19 (9): 2299-308. [PMID:15890675]
40. Takamoto N, You LR, Moses K, Chiang C, Zimmer WE, Schwartz RJ, DeMayo FJ, Tsai MJ, Tsai SY. (2005) COUP-TFII is essential for radial and anteroposterior patterning of the stomach. Development, 132 (9): 2179-89. [PMID:15829524]
41. Tang K, Xie X, Park JI, Jamrich M, Tsai S, Tsai MJ. (2010) COUP-TFs regulate eye development by controlling factors essential for optic vesicle morphogenesis. Development, 137 (5): 725-34. [PMID:20147377]
42. Tran P, Zhang XK, Salbert G, Hermann T, Lehmann JM, Pfahl M. (1992) COUP orphan receptors are negative regulators of retinoic acid response pathways. Mol Cell Biol, 12 (10): 4666-76. [PMID:1328857]
43. Widom RL, Rhee M, Karathanasis SK. (1992) Repression by ARP-1 sensitizes apolipoprotein AI gene responsiveness to RXR alpha and retinoic acid. Mol Cell Biol, 12 (8): 3380-9. [PMID:1321332]
44. Wu SP, Cheng CM, Lanz RB, Wang T, Respress JL, Ather S, Chen W, Tsai SJ, Wehrens XH, Tsai MJ et al.. (2013) Atrial identity is determined by a COUP-TFII regulatory network. Dev Cell, 25 (4): 417-26. [PMID:23725765]
45. Xie X, Qin J, Lin SH, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ. (2011) Nuclear receptor chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor II (COUP-TFII) modulates mesenchymal cell commitment and differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 108 (36): 14843-8. [PMID:21873211]
46. You LR, Lin FJ, Lee CT, DeMayo FJ, Tsai MJ, Tsai SY. (2005) Suppression of Notch signalling by the COUP-TFII transcription factor regulates vein identity. Nature, 435 (7038): 98-104. [PMID:15875024]
47. You LR, Takamoto N, Yu CT, Tanaka T, Kodama T, Demayo FJ, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ. (2005) Mouse lacking COUP-TFII as an animal model of Bochdalek-type congenital diaphragmatic hernia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 102 (45): 16351-6. [PMID:16251273]
48. Yu CT, Tang K, Suh JM, Jiang R, Tsai SY, Tsai MJ. (2012) COUP-TFII is essential for metanephric mesenchyme formation and kidney precursor cell survival. Development, 139 (13): 2330-9. [PMID:22669823]
49. Zhao B, Hou S, Ricciardi RP. (2003) Chromatin repression by COUP-TFII and HDAC dominates activation by NF-kappaB in regulating major histocompatibility complex class I transcription in adenovirus tumorigenic cells. Virology, 306 (1): 68-76. [PMID:12620799]
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