tipiracil   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 8696

Synonyms: MA-1 | TAS-1-462
Approved drug
tipiracil is an approved drug (Japan only)
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Tipracil is a a uracil derivative that inhibits thymidine phosphorylase (TYMP, P19971; a.k.a. platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor), an enzyme which metabolises trifluridine.
TAS-102 contains tipracil as the hydrochloride salt (PubChem CID 9903778).

SARS-CoV-2: Tipracil has been shown to bind to the uridine-specific endoribonuclease Nsp15 of SARS-CoV-2, and this interaction inhibits the enzyme's uridine-degrading catalytic activity [1].
2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/). All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 4
Hydrogen bond donors 3
Rotatable bonds 2
Topological polar surface area 92.81
Molecular weight 242.06
XLogP 1.26
No. Lipinski's rules broken 0

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)

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Canonical SMILES O=c1[nH]c(CN2CCCC2=N)c(c(=O)[nH]1)Cl
Isomeric SMILES O=c1[nH]c(CN2CCCC2=N)c(c(=O)[nH]1)Cl
InChI InChI=1S/C9H11ClN4O2/c10-7-5(12-9(16)13-8(7)15)4-14-3-1-2-6(14)11/h11H,1-4H2,(H2,12,13,15,16)
InChI Key QQHMKNYGKVVGCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
No information available.
Summary of Clinical Use Click here for help
Tipracil is a component of the anticancer therapeutic Lonsurf® (code-named TAS-102) [4], which is approved in Japan for the treatment of metastatic/unresectable colorectal cancer. The other component of TAS-102 is trifluridine [3]. In addition, TAS-102 is being assessed in Phase 3 clinical trial for metastatic gastric cancer (NCT02500043).
Mechanism Of Action and Pharmacodynamic Effects Click here for help
By reducing the breakdown of trifluridine, tipiracil improves its antineoplastic activity by increasing its bioavailability.
Thymidine phosphorylase is also reported to be involved in angiogenesis in human gastric cancer [2], suggesting that tipracil may have dual effects when used in combination antineoplastic therapies such as TAS-102.