Abbreviated name: MLT
Synonyms: Circadin®
melatonin is an approved drug (EMA (2007))
Compound class:
Metabolite
Comment: Melatonin is a hormone involved in regulating circadian rhythms in animals. Melatonin activates a family of melatonin receptors.
SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19: The effect of viral infection (including by influenza and SARS-CoV-2) on the melatonergic pathway, and how this might modulate the inflammatory response was reviewed by Anderson and Reiter in May 2020 [1]. ![]() Ligand Activity Visualisation ChartsThese are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts. ✖![]() View more information in the IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project: melatonin |
|
Immunopharmacology Comments |
Melatonin-mediated transcriptional activation of the clock gene transcription factor RZR/ROR complex inhibits 5‐lipoxygenase [4,11] (a major producer of the proinflammatory leukotriene B4 that is found in elevated levels in synovial fluid from RA joints), and through this pathway can elicit anti‐allergic and anti‐inflammatory actions. Note: RZR/ROR refers to the retinoic acid receptor (RAR)-related orphan nuclear receptors. The interplay of melatonin and circadian clock regulation with inflammation in rheumatoid and osteoarthritis, as well as the potential protective effects of melatonin in these conditions was reviewed by Jahanban-Esfahlan et al. (2017) [9]. Accumulating evidence indicates that melatonin regulates TLR3- , TLR4- and TLR9-triggered innate immune responses in macrophages [3,5,8,12-13]. |