cinnarizine   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 9072

Synonyms: R-1575 | Stugeron®
Approved drug PDB Ligand
cinnarizine is an approved drug (UK (1989))
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Cinnarizine is used primarily for its anti-histaminic activity, but it also has anti-cholinergic and calcium channel blocking effects, which may account for some of its side-effects.The INN record for this drug specifies cinnarizine clofibrate (PubChem CID 6436096). Cinnarizine is the parent molecule of the fluorine derivative flunarizine. Both of these compounds induce parkinsonism as an adverse effect [2,4], likely due to antagonism of D2 receptors by the parent molecules and/or some of their bioactive metabolites [3].
Click here for help

Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

✖

View interactive charts of activity data across species

IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project (PEP) logo

View more information in the IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project: cinnarizine

2D Structure
Click here for help

2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

✖
Click here for structure editor
Physico-chemical Properties
Click here for help

Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the CDK toolkit. All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

✖
Hydrogen bond acceptors 2
Hydrogen bond donors 0
Rotatable bonds 6
Topological polar surface area 6.48
Molecular weight 368.23
XLogP 5.3
No. Lipinski's rules broken 1
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
Click here for help

SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

✖
Canonical SMILES c1ccc(cc1)C=CCN1CCN(CC1)C(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1
Isomeric SMILES c1ccc(cc1)/C=C/CN1CCN(CC1)C(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1
InChI InChI=1S/C26H28N2/c1-4-11-23(12-5-1)13-10-18-27-19-21-28(22-20-27)26(24-14-6-2-7-15-24)25-16-8-3-9-17-25/h1-17,26H,18-22H2/b13-10+
InChI Key DERZBLKQOCDDDZ-JLHYYAGUSA-N
References
1. Arab SF, Düwel P, Jüngling E, Westhofen M, Lückhoff A. (2004)
Inhibition of voltage-gated calcium currents in type II vestibular hair cells by cinnarizine.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol, 369 (6): 570-5. [PMID:15138660]
2. Capellà D, Laporte JR, Castel JM, Tristán C, Cos A, Morales-Olivas FJ. (1988)
Parkinsonism, tremor, and depression induced by cinnarizine and flunarizine.
BMJ, 297 (6650): 722-3. [PMID:3147743]
3. Kariya S, Isozaki S, Masubuchi Y, Suzuki T, Narimatsu S. (1995)
Possible pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic factors affecting parkinsonism inducement by cinnarizine and flunarizine.
Biochem Pharmacol, 50 (10): 1645-50. [PMID:7503767]
4. Teive HA, Troiano AR, Germiniani FM, Werneck LC. (2004)
Flunarizine and cinnarizine-induced parkinsonism: a historical and clinical analysis.
Parkinsonism Relat Disord, 10 (4): 243-5. [PMID:15120099]