Gene and Protein Information
Species	TM	AA	Chromosomal Location	Gene Symbol	Gene Name	Reference
Human	-	465	7p13	GCK	glucokinase
Mouse	-	465	11 3.88 cM	Gck	glucokinase
Rat	-	465	14q21	Gck	glucokinase
Gene and Protein Information Comments
In humans, the 465 amino acid form (isoform 1, NM_000162) is expressed specifically in pancreatic β cells. Isoforms 2 (466 amino acids, NM_NM_033507) and 3 (464 amino acids, NM_033508) are expressed in the liver, with isoform 2 being the predominant hepatic variant. The mouse expresses two isoforms; isoform 1 (465 amino acids, NM_010292) in pancreatic β cells and isoform 2 (465 amino acids, NM_001287386) in the liver.

Previous and Unofficial Names

glucokinase (hexokinase 4)

Database Links
Alphafold	P35557 (Hs), P52792 (Mm), P17712 (Rn)
ChEMBL Target	CHEMBL3820 (Hs), CHEMBL3112387 (Mm), CHEMBL3882 (Rn)
Ensembl Gene	ENSG00000106633 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000041798 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000061527 (Rn)
Entrez Gene	2645 (Hs), 103988 (Mm), 24385 (Rn)
Human Protein Atlas	ENSG00000106633 (Hs)
KEGG Gene	hsa:2645 (Hs), mmu:103988 (Mm), rno:24385 (Rn)
OMIM	138079 (Hs)
Pharos	P35557 (Hs)
RefSeq Nucleotide	NM_033507 (Hs), NM_000162 (Hs), NM_033508 (Hs), NM_001287386 (Mm), NM_010292 (Mm), NM_001270849 (Rn), NM_001270850 (Rn), NM_012565 (Rn)
RefSeq Protein	NP_000153 (Hs), NP_277043 (Hs), NP_277042 (Hs), NP_001274315 (Mm), NP_034422 (Mm), NP_036697 (Rn), NP_001257779 (Rn), NP_001257778 (Rn)
UniProtKB	P35557 (Hs), P52792 (Mm), P17712 (Rn)
Wikipedia	GCK (Hs)

Download all structure-activity data for this target as a CSV file

Activators
Key to terms and symbols	View all chemical structures	Click column headers to sort
Ligand Sp. Action Value Parameter Reference AZD1656 Hs Activation 7.2 pEC50 1 ⤷ pEC50 7.2 (EC50 5.7x10-8 M) [1] BMS-820132 Hs Activation - - 2 ⤷ [2] Description: Partial activation AC50= 29 nM, maximal enzyme activation (Ymax)- 143%

Allosteric Modulators
Key to terms and symbols	View all chemical structures	Click column headers to sort
Ligand Sp. Action Value Parameter Reference dorzagliatin Hs Activation - - 3 ⤷ [3] Description: Full activator

Clinically-Relevant Mutations and Pathophysiology
Disease:  Diabetes mellitus, noninsulin-dependent; NIDDM Synonyms: Diabetes mellitus, Type II; T2D [OMIM: 125853] Maturity onset diabetes Type 2 diabetes mellitus [Disease Ontology: DOID:9352] Disease Ontology: DOID:9352 OMIM: 125853
Disease:  Diabetes mellitus, permanent neonatal; PNDM Synonyms: DEND syndrome [Orphanet: ORPHA79134] Developmental delay-epilepsy-neonatal diabetes syndrome [Orphanet: ORPHA79134] Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus [Orphanet: ORPHA99885] OMIM: 606176 Orphanet: ORPHA99885, ORPHA79134
Disease:  Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, familial, 3; HHF3 Synonyms: Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia [Disease Ontology: DOID:13317] Hyperinsulinism due to glucokinase deficiency [Orphanet: ORPHA79299] Disease Ontology: DOID:13317 OMIM: 602485 Orphanet: ORPHA79299
Disease:  Maturity-onset diabetes of the young, type 2; MODY2 Synonyms: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young [Orphanet: ORPHA552] [OMIM: 606391] [Disease Ontology: DOID:0050524] MODY [Orphanet: ORPHA552] [OMIM: 606391] Disease Ontology: DOID:0050524 OMIM: 125851, 606391 Orphanet: ORPHA552 Role:  Mutations in this gene are also associated with gestational diabetes, also described in the OMIM entries linked to above