palonosetron   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 7486

Synonyms: Aloxi® | aurothioglucose | RS-25259-197
Approved drug PDB Ligand
palonosetron is an approved drug (FDA (2003), EMA (2009))
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Palonosetron is a 'serton' family drug, that is a serotonin 5-HT3 antagonist. Most setrons are antiemetics, apart from alosetron and cilansetron, which are irritable bowel syndrome therapeutics. Setrons are the most widely prescribed antiemetic drugs used in the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV).
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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View interactive charts of activity data across species

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View more information in the IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project: palonosetron

2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the CDK toolkit. All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 3
Hydrogen bond donors 0
Rotatable bonds 1
Topological polar surface area 23.55
Molecular weight 296.19
XLogP 2.69
No. Lipinski's rules broken 0
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

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Canonical SMILES O=C1N(CC2c3c1cccc3CCC2)C1CN2CCC1CC2
Isomeric SMILES O=C1N(C[C@@H]2c3c1cccc3CCC2)[C@@H]1CN2CCC1CC2
InChI InChI=1S/C19H24N2O/c22-19-16-6-2-4-14-3-1-5-15(18(14)16)11-21(19)17-12-20-9-7-13(17)8-10-20/h2,4,6,13,15,17H,1,3,5,7-12H2/t15-,17-/m1/s1
InChI Key CPZBLNMUGSZIPR-NVXWUHKLSA-N
No information available.
Summary of Clinical Use Click here for help
Used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by highly emetogenic cancer chemotherapy.
Mechanism Of Action and Pharmacodynamic Effects Click here for help
Palonosetron is an antagonist of the serotonin 5-HT3 receptor. Many chemotherapies cause the release of serotonin from the enterochromaffin cells of the small intestine. This neurotransmitter is then able to activate 5-HT3 receptors in the gut and on vagal afferents which activates the vomiting reflex. By inhibiting the activity of endogenous serotonin at these receptors, the drug reduces chemotherapy related nausea and vomiting [1].
External links Click here for help
For extended ADME data see the following:

Electronic Medicines Compendium (eMC)
Drugs.com
European Medicines Agency (EMA)