efgartigimod alfa

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Ligands
efgartigimod alfa

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 9777

Synonyms: ARGX-113 | efgartigimod alfa-fcab | Vyvgart®

efgartigimod alfa is an approved drug (FDA (2021), EMA (2022))

Comment: Efgartigimod alfa (ARGX-113) is a first-in-class antibody fragment designed for the treatment of patients with severe autoimmune diseases associated with high levels of pathogenic immunoglobulin G (IgG) autoantibodies [6]. It binds to the IgG receptor, major histocompatibility complex class I-like Fc receptor (FcRn, the protein product of the FCGRT gene). Efgartigimod alfa inactivates FcRn's IgG binding ability (the FcRn-IgG interaction normally protects IgG from degradation) thus facilitating accelerated catabolism of native pathogenic autoantibodies [3,5]. The mechanism of this drug action is discussed more comprehensively in Roopenian and Akilesh (2007) [4] and Vaccaro et al. (2005) [7].

References
1. FDA. human anti-neonatal Fc receptor IgG1 Fc fragment. Accessed on 25/01/2018. Modified on 25/01/2018. www.accessdata.fda.gov, https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/opdlisting/oopd/detailedIndex.cfm?cfgridkey=527316
2. Liu L, Garcia AM, Santoro H, Zhang Y, McDonnell K, Dumont J, Bitonti A. (2007) Amelioration of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis in rats by neonatal FcR blockade. J Immunol, 178 (8): 5390-8. [PMID:17404325]
3. Petkova SB, Akilesh S, Sproule TJ, Christianson GJ, Al Khabbaz H, Brown AC, Presta LG, Meng YG, Roopenian DC. (2006) Enhanced half-life of genetically engineered human IgG1 antibodies in a humanized FcRn mouse model: potential application in humorally mediated autoimmune disease. Int Immunol, 18 (12): 1759-69. [PMID:17077181]
4. Roopenian DC, Akilesh S. (2007) FcRn: the neonatal Fc receptor comes of age. Nat Rev Immunol, 7 (9): 715-25. [PMID:17703228]
5. Ulrichts P, Blanchetot C, de Haard J, Ward OES, Ongenae NGH. (2015) Fcrn antagonists and methods of use. Patent number: WO2015100299. Assignee: Argen-X N.V, The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System. Priority date: 24/12/2013. Publication date: 02/07/2015.
6. Ulrichts P, Cousin T, Dreier T, de Haard H, Leupin N. (2016) Argx-113, a Novel Fc-Based Approach for Antibody-Induced Pathologies Such As Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia. Blood, 128: 4919.
7. Vaccaro C, Zhou J, Ober RJ, Ward ES. (2005) Engineering the Fc region of immunoglobulin G to modulate in vivo antibody levels. Nat Biotechnol, 23 (10): 1283-8. [PMID:16186811]

References

1. FDA.
human anti-neonatal Fc receptor IgG1 Fc fragment.
Accessed on 25/01/2018. Modified on 25/01/2018. www.accessdata.fda.gov, https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/opdlisting/oopd/detailedIndex.cfm?cfgridkey=527316

2. Liu L, Garcia AM, Santoro H, Zhang Y, McDonnell K, Dumont J, Bitonti A. (2007)
Amelioration of experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis in rats by neonatal FcR blockade.
J Immunol, 178 (8): 5390-8. [PMID:17404325]

3. Petkova SB, Akilesh S, Sproule TJ, Christianson GJ, Al Khabbaz H, Brown AC, Presta LG, Meng YG, Roopenian DC. (2006)
Enhanced half-life of genetically engineered human IgG1 antibodies in a humanized FcRn mouse model: potential application in humorally mediated autoimmune disease.
Int Immunol, 18 (12): 1759-69. [PMID:17077181]

4. Roopenian DC, Akilesh S. (2007)
FcRn: the neonatal Fc receptor comes of age.
Nat Rev Immunol, 7 (9): 715-25. [PMID:17703228]

5. Ulrichts P, Blanchetot C, de Haard J, Ward OES, Ongenae NGH. (2015)
Fcrn antagonists and methods of use.
Patent number: WO2015100299. Assignee: Argen-X N.V, The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System. Priority date: 24/12/2013. Publication date: 02/07/2015.

6. Ulrichts P, Cousin T, Dreier T, de Haard H, Leupin N. (2016)
Argx-113, a Novel Fc-Based Approach for Antibody-Induced Pathologies Such As Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia.
Blood, 128: 4919.

7. Vaccaro C, Zhou J, Ober RJ, Ward ES. (2005)
Engineering the Fc region of immunoglobulin G to modulate in vivo antibody levels.
Nat Biotechnol, 23 (10): 1283-8. [PMID:16186811]