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Gene and Protein Information  |
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| Species | TM | P Loops | AA | Chromosomal Location | Gene Symbol | Gene Name | Reference |
| Human | 6 | 1 | 647 | Xp11.23 | KCND1 | potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 1 | 9 |
| Mouse | 6 | 1 | 651 | X 3.53 cM | Kcnd1 | potassium voltage-gated channel, Shal-related family, member 1 | 16 |
| Rat | 6 | 1 | 651 | Xq13 | Kcnd1 | potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 1 | 6 |
| Previous and Unofficial Names |
| Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 1 | potassium channel, voltage gated Shal related subfamily D, member 1 | potassium channel, voltage gated Shal-related subfamily D, member 1 | potassium voltage-gated channel |
| Database Links |
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| Alphafold | Q9NSA2 (Hs), Q03719 (Mm) |
| DrugBank Target | Q9NSA2 (Hs) |
| Ensembl Gene | ENSG00000102057 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000009731 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000039544 (Rn) |
| Entrez Gene | 3750 (Hs), 16506 (Mm), 116695 (Rn) |
| Human Protein Atlas | ENSG00000102057 (Hs) |
| KEGG Gene | hsa:3750 (Hs), mmu:16506 (Mm), rno:116695 (Rn) |
| OMIM | 300281 (Hs) |
| Pharos | Q9NSA2 (Hs) |
| RefSeq Nucleotide | NM_004979 (Hs), NM_008423 (Mm), NM_001105748 (Rn) |
| RefSeq Protein | NP_004970 (Hs), NP_032449 (Mm), NP_001099218 (Rn) |
| UniProtKB | Q9NSA2 (Hs), Q03719 (Mm) |
| Wikipedia | KCND1 (Hs) |
| Associated Proteins |
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| Functional Characteristics |
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| KA | |
| Ion Selectivity and Conductance |
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| Voltage Dependence |
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| Associated subunits (Human) |
| KChIP 1-4, DP66, DPP10 |
Download all structure-activity data for this target as a CSV file 
| Channel Blockers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Key to terms and symbols | View all chemical structures | Click column headers to sort | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Tissue Distribution
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| Tissue Distribution Comments | ||||||||
| Also: Ferret - Brain (fetal, infant and adult), colon, heart, lung, stomach, testis, liver, kidney, thyroid gland, pancreas, pulmonary artery [4] | ||||||||
| Functional Assays
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| General Comments |
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It is a member of the mammalian Shal-related family. The Kv4.1 (KCND1) gene is encoded by at least 6 exons: the first exon encodes the protein from the N-terminus through S5 into the P-region, whereas the remainder of the protein is encoded by exons 2 - 6. The kinetic properties depend on the expression system, recording configuration, and the presence of auxiliary subunits (KChIPs). |
1. An WF, Bowlby MR, Betty M, Cao J, Ling HP, Mendoza G, Hinson JW, Mattsson KI, Strassle BW, Trimmer JS et al.. (2000) Modulation of A-type potassium channels by a family of calcium sensors. Nature, 403 (6769): 553-6. [PMID:10676964]
2. Beck EJ, Bowlby M, An WF, Rhodes KJ, Covarrubias M. (2002) Remodelling inactivation gating of Kv4 channels by KChIP1, a small-molecular-weight calcium-binding protein. J Physiol (Lond.), 538 (Pt 3): 691-706. [PMID:11826158]
3. Beck EJ, Covarrubias M. (2001) Kv4 channels exhibit modulation of closed-state inactivation in inside-out patches. Biophys J, 81 (2): 867-83. [PMID:11463631]
4. Brahmajothi MV, Morales MJ, Liu S, Rasmusson RL, Campbell DL, Strauss HC. (1996) In situ hybridization reveals extensive diversity of K+ channel mRNA in isolated ferret cardiac myocytes. Circ Res, 78 (6): 1083-9. [PMID:8635239]
5. Escoubas P, Diochot S, Célérier ML, Nakajima T, Lazdunski M. (2002) Novel tarantula toxins for subtypes of voltage-dependent potassium channels in the Kv2 and Kv4 subfamilies. Mol Pharmacol, 62 (1): 48-57. [PMID:12065754]
6. Gutman GA, Chandy KG, Grissmer S, Lazdunski M, McKinnon D, Pardo LA, Robertson GA, Rudy B, Sanguinetti MC, Stühmer W et al.. (2005) International Union of Pharmacology. LIII. Nomenclature and molecular relationships of voltage-gated potassium channels. Pharmacol Rev, 57 (4): 473-508. [PMID:16382104]
7. Harrell MD, Harbi S, Hoffman JF, Zavadil J, Coetzee WA. (2007) Large-scale analysis of ion channel gene expression in the mouse heart during perinatal development. Physiol Genomics, 28 (3): 273-83. [PMID:16985003]
8. Holmqvist MH, Cao J, Hernandez-Pineda R, Jacobson MD, Carroll KI, Sung MA, Betty M, Ge P, Gilbride KJ, Brown ME et al.. (2002) Elimination of fast inactivation in Kv4 A-type potassium channels by an auxiliary subunit domain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 99 (2): 1035-40. [PMID:11805342]
9. Isbrandt D, Leicher T, Waldschütz R, Zhu X, Luhmann U, Michel U, Sauter K, Pongs O. (2000) Gene structures and expression profiles of three human KCND (Kv4) potassium channels mediating A-type currents I(TO) and I(SA). Genomics, 64 (2): 144-54. [PMID:10729221]
10. Jerng HH, Pfaffinger PJ, Covarrubias M. (2004) Molecular physiology and modulation of somatodendritic A-type potassium channels. Mol Cell Neurosci, 27 (4): 343-69. [PMID:15555915]
11. Jerng HH, Qian Y, Pfaffinger PJ. (2004) Modulation of Kv4.2 channel expression and gating by dipeptidyl peptidase 10 (DPP10). Biophys J, 87 (4): 2380-96. [PMID:15454437]
12. Jerng HH, Shahidullah M, Covarrubias M. (1999) Inactivation gating of Kv4 potassium channels: molecular interactions involving the inner vestibule of the pore. J Gen Physiol, 113 (5): 641-60. [PMID:10228180]
13. Jiang B, Sun X, Cao K, Wang R. (2002) Endogenous Kv channels in human embryonic kidney (HEK-293) cells. Mol Cell Biochem, 238 (1-2): 69-79. [PMID:12349911]
14. Nadal MS, Ozaita A, Amarillo Y, Vega-Saenz de Miera E, Ma Y, Mo W, Goldberg EM, Misumi Y, Ikehara Y, Neubert TA et al.. (2003) The CD26-related dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-like protein DPPX is a critical component of neuronal A-type K+ channels. Neuron, 37 (3): 449-61. [PMID:12575952]
15. Nakamura TY, Nandi S, Pountney DJ, Artman M, Rudy B, Coetzee WA. (2001) Different effects of the Ca(2+)-binding protein, KChIP1, on two Kv4 subfamily members, Kv4.1 and Kv4.2. FEBS Lett, 499 (3): 205-9. [PMID:11423117]
16. Pak MD, Baker K, Covarrubias M, Butler A, Ratcliffe A, Salkoff L. (1991) mShal, a subfamily of A-type K+ channel cloned from mammalian brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 88 (10): 4386-90. [PMID:2034678]
17. Serôdio P, Rudy B. (1998) Differential expression of Kv4 K+ channel subunits mediating subthreshold transient K+ (A-type) currents in rat brain. J Neurophysiol, 79 (2): 1081-91. [PMID:9463463]
18. Shahidullah M, Covarrubias M. (2003) The link between ion permeation and inactivation gating of Kv4 potassium channels. Biophys J, 84 (2 Pt 1): 928-41. [PMID:12547775]
