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Contents
Overview
Activation of potassium channels regulates excitability and can control the shape of the action potential waveform. They are present in all cells within the body and can influence processes as diverse as cognition, muscle contraction and hormone secretion. Potassium channels are subdivided into families, based on their structural and functional properties. The largest family consists of potassium channels that activated by membrane depolarization, with other families consisting of channels that are either activated by a rise of intracellular calcium ions or are constitutively active. A standardised nomenclature for potassium channels has been proposed by the NC-IUPHAR subcommittees on potassium channels [1-4], which has placed cloned channels into groups based on gene family and structure of channels that exhibit 6, 4 or 2 transmembrane domains (TM).
Further reading
* Key recommended reading is highlighted with an asterisk
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* Borsotto M, Veyssiere J, Moha Ou Maati H, Devader C, Mazella J, Heurteaux C. (2015) Targeting two-pore domain K(+) channels TREK-1 and TASK-3 for the treatment of depression: a new therapeutic concept. Br. J. Pharmacol., 172 (3): 771-84. [PMID:25263033]
* Chang PC, Chen PS. (2015) SK channels and ventricular arrhythmias in heart failure. Trends Cardiovasc. Med., 25 (6): 508-14. [PMID:25743622]
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* Decher N, Kiper AK, Rinné S. (2017) Stretch-activated potassium currents in the heart: Focus on TREK-1 and arrhythmias. Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol., 130 (Pt B): 223-232. [PMID:28526352]
Enyedi P, Czirják G. (2010) Molecular background of leak K+ currents: two-pore domain potassium channels. Physiol. Rev., 90 (2): 559-605. [PMID:20393194]
* Feliciangeli S, Chatelain FC, Bichet D, Lesage F. (2015) The family of K2P channels: salient structural and functional properties. J. Physiol. (Lond.), 593 (12): 2587-603. [PMID:25530075]
* Foster MN, Coetzee WA. (2016) KATP Channels in the Cardiovascular System. Physiol. Rev., 96 (1): 177-252. [PMID:26660852]
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* Greene DL, Hoshi N. (2017) Modulation of Kv7 channels and excitability in the brain. Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 74 (3): 495-508. [PMID:27645822]
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Hancox JC, McPate MJ, El Harchi A, Zhang YH. (2008) The hERG potassium channel and hERG screening for drug-induced torsades de pointes. Pharmacol. Ther., 119 (2): 118-32. [PMID:18616963]
Hansen JB. (2006) Towards selective Kir6.2/SUR1 potassium channel openers, medicinal chemistry and therapeutic perspectives. Curr. Med. Chem., 13 (4): 361-76. [PMID:16475928]
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* Kaczmarek LK, Aldrich RW, Chandy KG, Grissmer S, Wei AD, Wulff H. (2017) International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology. C. Nomenclature and Properties of Calcium-Activated and Sodium-Activated Potassium Channels. Pharmacol. Rev., 69 (1): 1-11. [PMID:28267675]
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* Kubo Y, Adelman JP, Clapham DE, Jan LY, Karschin A, Kurachi Y, Lazdunski M, Nichols CG, Seino S, Vandenberg CA. (2005) International Union of Pharmacology. LIV. Nomenclature and molecular relationships of inwardly rectifying potassium channels. Pharmacol. Rev., 57 (4): 509-26. [PMID:16382105]
* Latorre R, Castillo K, Carrasquel-Ursulaez W, Sepulveda RV, Gonzalez-Nilo F, Gonzalez C, Alvarez O. (2017) Molecular Determinants of BK Channel Functional Diversity and Functioning. Physiol. Rev., 97 (1): 39-87. [PMID:27807200]
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* Niemeyer MI, Cid LP, González W, Sepúlveda FV. (2016) Gating, Regulation, and Structure in K2P K+ Channels: In Varietate Concordia?. Mol. Pharmacol., 90 (3): 309-17. [PMID:27268784]
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* Vivier D, Bennis K, Lesage F, Ducki S. (2016) Perspectives on the Two-Pore Domain Potassium Channel TREK-1 (TWIK-Related K(+) Channel 1). A Novel Therapeutic Target?. J. Med. Chem., 59 (11): 5149-57. [PMID:26588045]
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* Wei AD, Gutman GA, Aldrich R, Chandy KG, Grissmer S, Wulff H. (2005) International Union of Pharmacology. LII. Nomenclature and molecular relationships of calcium-activated potassium channels. Pharmacol. Rev., 57 (4): 463-72. [PMID:16382103]
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References
1. Goldstein SA, Bayliss DA, Kim D, Lesage F, Plant LD, Rajan S. (2005) International Union of Pharmacology. LV. Nomenclature and molecular relationships of two-P potassium channels. Pharmacol. Rev., 57 (4): 527-40. [PMID:16382106]
2. Gutman GA, Chandy KG, Grissmer S, Lazdunski M, McKinnon D, Pardo LA, Robertson GA, Rudy B, Sanguinetti MC, Stühmer W, Wang X. (2005) International Union of Pharmacology. LIII. Nomenclature and molecular relationships of voltage-gated potassium channels. Pharmacol. Rev., 57 (4): 473-508. [PMID:16382104]
3. Kubo Y, Adelman JP, Clapham DE, Jan LY, Karschin A, Kurachi Y, Lazdunski M, Nichols CG, Seino S, Vandenberg CA. (2005) International Union of Pharmacology. LIV. Nomenclature and molecular relationships of inwardly rectifying potassium channels. Pharmacol. Rev., 57 (4): 509-26. [PMID:16382105]
4. Wei AD, Gutman GA, Aldrich R, Chandy KG, Grissmer S, Wulff H. (2005) International Union of Pharmacology. LII. Nomenclature and molecular relationships of calcium-activated potassium channels. Pharmacol. Rev., 57 (4): 463-72. [PMID:16382103]
NC-IUPHAR subcommittee and family contributors
|
Richard Aldrich
Bernard Attali
K. George Chandy
Steve A.N. Goldstein
Stephan Grissmer
Lily Y. Jan
Leonard K. Kaczmarek
Jeanne Nerbonne
Colin G. Nichols
Lawrence G. Palmer
Leigh D. Plant
Henry Sackin
Michael C. Sanguinetti
Paul A. Slesinger
James S. Trimmer
Stephen Tucker
Aguan D. Wei
Heike Wulff |
How to cite this family page
Database page citation:
Richard Aldrich, Bernard Attali, K. George Chandy, Steve A.N. Goldstein, Stephan Grissmer, Lily Y. Jan, Leonard K. Kaczmarek, Jeanne Nerbonne, Colin G. Nichols, Lawrence G. Palmer, Leigh D. Plant, Henry Sackin, Michael C. Sanguinetti, Paul A. Slesinger, James S. Trimmer, Stephen Tucker, Aguan D. Wei, Heike Wulff. Potassium channels. Accessed on 24/02/2019. IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY, http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/FamilyDisplayForward?familyId=133.
Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY citation:
Alexander SPH, Striessnig J, Kelly E, Marrion NV, Peters JA, Faccenda E, Harding SD, Pawson AJ, Sharman JL, Southan C, Davies JA; CGTP Collaborators. (2017) The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2017/18: Voltage-gated ion channels. Br J Pharmacol. 174 Suppl 1: S160-S194.
