ritonavir   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 8804

Abbreviated name: RTV
Synonyms: A-84538 | ABBOTT-84538 | ABT 538 | ABT-538 | Norvir®
Approved drug PDB Ligand
ritonavir is an approved drug (EMA & FDA (1996))
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Ritonavir is an orally bioavailable antiviral that is generally administered in combination with other anti-HIV or anti-HCV drugs.
Click here for help

Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

✖

View interactive charts of activity data across species

IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project (PEP) logo

View more information in the IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project: ritonavir

ritonavir is commercially available from our sponsors

2D Structure
Click here for help

2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

✖
Click here for structure editor
Physico-chemical Properties
Click here for help

Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the CDK toolkit. All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

✖
Hydrogen bond acceptors 11
Hydrogen bond donors 4
Rotatable bonds 22
Topological polar surface area 202.26
Molecular weight 720.31
XLogP 3.94
No. Lipinski's rules broken 2
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
Click here for help

SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

✖
Canonical SMILES O=C(NC(C(CC(Cc1ccccc1)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)N(Cc1csc(n1)C(C)C)C)O)Cc1ccccc1)OCc1cncs1
Isomeric SMILES O=C(N[C@H]([C@H](C[C@H](Cc1ccccc1)NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)N(Cc1csc(n1)C(C)C)C)O)Cc1ccccc1)OCc1cncs1
InChI InChI=1S/C37H48N6O5S2/c1-24(2)33(42-36(46)43(5)20-29-22-49-35(40-29)25(3)4)34(45)39-28(16-26-12-8-6-9-13-26)18-32(44)31(17-27-14-10-7-11-15-27)41-37(47)48-21-30-19-38-23-50-30/h6-15,19,22-25,28,31-33,44H,16-18,20-21H2,1-5H3,(H,39,45)(H,41,47)(H,42,46)/t28-,31-,32-,33-/m0/s1
InChI Key NCDNCNXCDXHOMX-XGKFQTDJSA-N
Bioactivity Comments
Inhibition of CYP3A4 by ritonavir blocks this metabolizing enzyme form breaking down other antiviral protease inhibitors, and in so-doing enhances the activity of the other protease inhibitors it is administered with. This activity means that potentially dangerous pharmacokinetic interactions are likely if ritonavir is administered with other drugs that are inhibitors of CYP3A (and also of CYP2D6) e.g. alfuzosin, amiodarone, cisapride, ergot alkaloids, flecainide, lovastatin, oral midazolam, pimozide, propafenone, quinidine, sildenafil, simvastatin and triazolam. St. John's wort is a CYP3A inducer that can decrease substrate drug levels to sub-therapeutic concentrations.
Selectivity at enzymes
Key to terms and symbols Click column headers to sort
Target Sp. Type Action Value Parameter Concentration range (M) Reference
CYP3A4 Hs Inhibitor Inhibition >7.0 pKi - 2
⤷ pKi >7.0 (Ki <1x10-7 M) [2]
CYP3A5 Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 6.9 pKi - 1
⤷ pKi 6.9 (Ki 1.2x10-7 M) [1]
UDP glucuronosyltransferase family 1 member A1 Hs Inhibitor Inhibition 5.8 pIC50 - 4
⤷ pIC50 5.8 (IC50 1.7x10-6 M) Both inhibitor and substrate [4]